Gómez Anu Manchikanti, Speizer Ilene S
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall, CB 7445, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7445, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2009 Jul;13(4):559-66. doi: 10.1007/s10995-008-0387-4. Epub 2008 Jul 23.
Strong linkages exist between childhood abuse and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) among women in developed countries. Few studies examine this pattern in developing nations. This study explores the effect of childhood physical and/or psychological abuse on the likelihood of IPV among a national sample of Ecuadorian women of reproductive age.
Secondary data analysis was conducted on a subsample of 9,077 Ecuadorian women, utilizing the 2004 Encuesta Demografía y de Salud Materna e Infantil survey. Cross-tabulations and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to assess whether women who report childhood abuse had a higher likelihood of reporting sexual, physical or psychological IPV during their lifetimes or within the past year.
Levels of abuse were high. More than 30% of women reported childhood psychological or physical abuse, and 21% experienced both types of abuse. Forty percent of women reported sexual, physical or psychological IPV during their lifetimes, while 15% reported any form of IPV in the past year. The co-occurrence of childhood psychological and physical abuse was highly predictive of all forms of IPV, with less consistent associations for women who reported only physical or only psychological childhood abuse.
This study suggests that childhood abuse is an important risk factor for IPV victimization among Ecuadorian women. While this analysis supports findings from developed countries, more cross-cultural research about patterns of violence throughout the life course is needed to develop relevant prevention programs.
在发达国家，儿童期受虐与成年女性亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）之间存在紧密联系。很少有研究在发展中国家考察这种模式。本研究探讨了儿童期身体虐待和/或心理虐待对厄瓜多尔全国育龄女性样本中发生IPV可能性的影响。
利用2004年人口与妇幼健康调查，对9077名厄瓜多尔女性的子样本进行二次数据分析。采用交叉表和多变量逻辑回归模型，评估报告儿童期受虐的女性在其一生中或过去一年中报告性、身体或心理IPV的可能性是否更高。
虐待发生率很高。超过30%的女性报告有儿童期心理或身体虐待，21%的女性经历过两种类型的虐待。40%的女性在其一生中报告有性、身体或心理IPV，而15%的女性在过去一年中报告有任何形式的IPV。儿童期心理和身体虐待的同时发生对所有形式的IPV具有高度预测性，而对于仅报告儿童期身体虐待或仅报告儿童期心理虐待的女性，相关性则不太一致。
本研究表明，儿童期受虐是厄瓜多尔女性遭受IPV的一个重要风险因素。虽然这一分析支持了发达国家的研究结果，但需要开展更多关于一生中暴力模式的跨文化研究，以制定相关的预防方案。
