Gotvajn A Zgajnar, Tisler T, Zagorc-Koncan J
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Askerceva 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Mar 15;162(2-3):1446-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.037. Epub 2008 Jun 21.
The aim of our research was to determine appropriate treatment technique for effective treatment of heavily polluted tannery landfill leachate. We have accomplished several treatment experiments: (i) aerobic biological treatment, (ii) air stripping at various pH, (iii) adsorption to activated carbon, (iv) coagulation-flocculation and (v) advanced oxidation process with Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2). Efficiency of each procedure was monitored by chemical analysis and changes in biodegradability and acute toxicity were also evaluated (Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna). Biological treatment of raw leachate was effective only for very diluted leachate (up to 6Vol.%). It has been confirmed that air stripping at pH 11.0 effectively removed volatile organics and ammonia for 33% and 84%, respectively and contributed to lower toxicity of the leachate. Fenton's oxidation was the most effective among all used treatment procedures. COD removal reached 86%, biodegradability has been increased and toxicity reduced. Adsorption to activated carbon increased BOD(5)/COD ratio from 0.18 to 0.56 and it removed 40% of organics. Coagulation and flocculation procedures with FeCl(3) were also very effective. At lowered pH and added flocculant treatment efficiency reached 50%. But no method alone was effective enough to meet effluent limits for release into local surface waters. Future work was focused on the study of different promising treatment schemes, especially combination of Fenton's oxidation and biological treatment.
我们研究的目的是确定有效处理重度污染制革厂垃圾渗滤液的合适处理技术。我们完成了多项处理实验：（i）好氧生物处理，（ii）不同pH值下的气提，（iii）活性炭吸附，（iv）混凝絮凝，以及（v）Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2)高级氧化工艺。通过化学分析监测每个步骤的效率，并评估生物降解性和急性毒性的变化（费氏弧菌和大型溞）。原渗滤液的生物处理仅对非常稀释的渗滤液（高达6体积%）有效。已证实，在pH值为11.0时进行气提可分别有效去除33%的挥发性有机物和84%的氨，并有助于降低渗滤液的毒性。在所有使用的处理程序中，芬顿氧化最为有效。化学需氧量（COD）去除率达到86%，生物降解性提高，毒性降低。活性炭吸附使生化需氧量（BOD(5)）/COD比值从0.18提高到0.56，并去除了40%的有机物。使用FeCl(3)的混凝絮凝程序也非常有效。在较低pH值和添加絮凝剂的情况下，处理效率达到50%。但没有一种单独的方法足以满足排放到当地地表水的出水限值。未来的工作重点是研究不同的有前景的处理方案，特别是芬顿氧化与生物处理的组合。
