National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Jun 15;178(1-3):298-305. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.078. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
Our work was focused on investigation of different treatment procedures for the removal of toxic fractions from a landfill leachate, because sometimes the existing treatment in biological sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is not efficient enough, leading to a hazardous environmental impact of the present persistent and toxic compounds. The efficiency of the procedures used was monitored by chemical analyses and two toxicity tests (activated sludge and Vibrio fischeri). The existing SBR (HRT=1.9 days) removed 46-78% of COD and 96-73% of NH(4)(+)-N. Experiments were conducted with three landfill leachate samples expressing significant difference in concentrations of pollutants and with low BOD(5)/COD ratio (0.06/0.01/0.03). The applied methods were air stripping, adsorption to activated carbon and zeolite clinoptilolite and Fenton oxidation. Air stripping at pH 11 was a viable treatment option for the removal of ammonia nitrogen (up to 94%) and reduction of toxicity to microorganisms. In the adsorption experiments in batch system with different concentration of PAC the most effective was the highest addition (50.0gL(-1)) where 63-92% of COD was removed followed by significant reduction in toxicity to V. fischeri. In the column experiments with clinoptilolite 45/93/100% of NH(4)(+)-N as well as 25/32/39% of COD removal was attained. The removal efficiency for metals followed the sequence Cr>Zn>Cd>Ni. The procedure with zeolite was the second most efficient one regarding reduction of toxicity to both organisms. Fenton oxidation at molar ratio Fe(2+):H(2)O(2)=1.0:10.0 assured 70-85% removal of COD but it only slightly reduced the toxicity.
我们的工作重点是研究不同的处理程序，从垃圾渗滤液中去除有毒成分，因为有时现有的生物序批式反应器（SBR）处理方法不够有效，导致目前持久性和有毒化合物对环境造成危险影响。通过化学分析和两种毒性测试（活性污泥和发光菌）监测所使用的程序的效率。现有的 SBR（HRT=1.9 天）去除了 46-78%的 COD 和 96-73%的 NH(4)(+)-N。实验采用了三个垃圾渗滤液样本，它们在污染物浓度方面表现出显著差异，且 BOD(5)/COD 比值低（0.06/0.01/0.03）。应用的方法是空气吹脱、活性炭和沸石斜发沸石吸附以及芬顿氧化。在 pH 值为 11 的空气吹脱是去除氨氮（高达 94%）和降低对微生物毒性的可行处理选择。在不同浓度 PAC 的批量吸附实验中，最高添加量（50.0 gL(-1)）的效果最为显著，去除了 63-92%的 COD，随后对发光菌的毒性显著降低。在斜发沸石柱实验中，去除了 45/93/100%的 NH(4)(+)-N，以及 25/32/39%的 COD。金属的去除效率遵循 Cr>Zn>Cd>Ni 的顺序。沸石处理程序在降低两种生物毒性方面的效率位居第二。摩尔比 Fe(2+):H(2)O(2)=1.0:10.0 的芬顿氧化保证了 70-85%的 COD 去除，但仅略微降低了毒性。
