Kaleta Dorota, Polańska Kinga, Kwaśniewska Magdalena, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Elzbieta, Hanke Wojciech, Drygas Wojciech
Zakład Medycyny Zapobiegawczej, Katedra Medycyny Społecznej i Zapobiegawczej Uniwersytet Medyczny, Lódź.
Med Pr. 2008;59(2):143-8.
Nowadays, tobacco smoking is the single most preventable cause of death all over the word. Now it kills annually more than five million people and this number will increase to over 8 million by 2030. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of smoking and risk factors for smoking in the adult population of the Lódź district.
We included into the study a representative group of the adult population (1037 people) living in this district. The sampling and all study procedures were based on the methods for Multi-Center Representative Nationwide Study--WOBASZ. A questionnaire was employed to determine the smoking status. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the factors related to the smoking habit.
In the study population, 40.8% of men and 19.5% of women were active smokers. The following factors were associated with the smoking status: lower educational level (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.4-6.8) and lower level of income (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2-4.9) in men, and marital status--widow (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.4-7.5) in women. People living in small districts showed a higher risk for smoking than those living in larger urban areas (men, OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3-3.6; women, OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5-5.2) Older persons smoke less frequently than younger ones (men, OR = 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.8; women, OR = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.02-0.5).
The lower levels of education and income, as well as living in small districts are the risk factors for cigarette smoking.
如今，吸烟是全球唯一最可预防的死亡原因。目前，吸烟每年导致超过五百万人死亡，到2030年这一数字将增至超过八百万。本研究的目的是评估罗兹地区成年人口的吸烟率及吸烟风险因素。
我们将该地区具有代表性的成年人群体（1037人）纳入研究。抽样及所有研究程序均基于多中心全国代表性研究——WOBASZ的方法。采用问卷调查来确定吸烟状况。应用逻辑回归模型评估与吸烟习惯相关的因素。
在研究人群中，40.8%的男性和19.5%的女性为现吸烟者。以下因素与吸烟状况相关：男性中教育水平较低（比值比[OR]=3.1；95%置信区间[CI]：1.4 - 6.8）和收入水平较低（OR = 2.4；95% CI：1.2 - 4.9），女性中婚姻状况为丧偶（OR = 3.3，95% CI：1.4 - 7.5）。生活在小区域的人比生活在大城市地区的人吸烟风险更高（男性，OR = 2.1；95% CI：1.3 - 3.6；女性，OR = 2.8，95% CI：1.5 - 5.2）。老年人吸烟频率低于年轻人（男性，OR = 0.3；95% CI：0.1 - 0.8；女性，OR = 0.1；95% CI：0.02 - 0.5）。
教育水平和收入较低以及生活在小区域是吸烟的风险因素。
