Fukuda Yoshiharu, Nakamura Keiko, Takano Takehito
Health Promotion/International Health, Division of Public Health, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Ann Epidemiol. 2005 May;15(5):365-72. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.09.003.
To elucidate the influence of individual socioeconomic status on smoking in Japanese adults.
Using a nationally representative sample (20,206 men and 21,093 women aged 18 to 54 years), the relation between smoking and socioeconomic characteristics was analyzed by sex and age group (18 to 24, 25 to 39, and over 40 years).
The smoking prevalence was 57.0% for men and 16.6% for women. Living in an urban area was a negative factor for smoking in men, while a positive factor in women. Being married was positively associated with smoking in the younger population, but negatively associated in the older population. A relation between lower income and smoking was found in all groups, except in men aged 18 to 24 years. The income-related difference was most pronounced in the population aged 25 to 39 years: OR of smoking for the highest income quintile compared with the lowest was 0.60 (95% CI, 0.51-0.71) for men and 0.29 (95% CI, 0.23-0.35) for women.
Socioeconomic status, especially income, substantially predicted smoking in the Japanese population, while the impact differed according to sex and age groups. Effective anti-smoking strategies require consideration of the gender and age differences in the socioeconomic pattern of smoking.
阐明个体社会经济地位对日本成年人吸烟情况的影响。
使用具有全国代表性的样本（20206名年龄在18至54岁之间的男性和21093名年龄在18至54岁之间的女性），按性别和年龄组（18至24岁、25至39岁和40岁以上）分析吸烟与社会经济特征之间的关系。
男性吸烟率为57.0%，女性为16.6%。生活在城市地区对男性吸烟是一个负面因素，而对女性则是一个正面因素。结婚在较年轻人群中与吸烟呈正相关，但在较年长人群中呈负相关。除了18至24岁的男性外，所有组均发现低收入与吸烟之间存在关联。收入相关差异在25至39岁人群中最为明显：最高收入五分位数人群与最低收入五分位数人群相比，男性吸烟的比值比为0.60（95%可信区间，0.51 - 0.71），女性为0.29（95%可信区间，0.23 - 0.35）。
社会经济地位，尤其是收入，在很大程度上可预测日本人群的吸烟情况，但其影响因性别和年龄组而异。有效的反吸烟策略需要考虑吸烟社会经济模式中的性别和年龄差异。
