晒伤与皮肤黑色素瘤风险：年龄有影响吗？一项全面的荟萃分析。
Sunburns and risk of cutaneous melanoma: does age matter? A comprehensive meta-analysis.
作者信息
Dennis Leslie K, Vanbeek Marta J, Beane Freeman Laura E, Smith Brian J, Dawson Deborah V, Coughlin Julie A
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
出版信息
Ann Epidemiol. 2008 Aug;18(8):614-27. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2008.04.006.
PURPOSE
Sunburns are an important risk factor for melanoma and those occurring in childhood are often cited as posing the greatest risk. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the magnitude of association for melanoma and sunburns during childhood, adolescence, adulthood and over a lifetime.
METHODS
After reviewing over 1300 article titles and evaluating 270 articles in detail, we pooled odds ratios from 51 independent study populations for "ever" sunburned and risk of cutaneous melanoma. Among these, 26 studies reported results from dose-response analyses. Dose-response analyses were examined using both fixed-effects models and Bayesian random-effects models.
RESULTS
An increased risk of melanoma was seen with increasing number of sunburns for all time-periods (childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and lifetime). In an attempt to understand how risk between life-periods compares, we also report these same linear models on a scale of five sunburns per decade for each life-period. The magnitude of risk for five sunburns per decade is highest for adult and lifetime sunburns.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these results show an increased risk of melanoma with increasing number of sunburns during all life-periods, not just childhood. Prevention efforts should focus on reducing sunburns during all life-periods.
目的
晒伤是黑色素瘤的一个重要风险因素，儿童期发生的晒伤通常被认为风险最大。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以量化儿童期、青春期、成年期以及一生中晒伤与黑色素瘤之间关联的程度。
方法
在查阅了1300多篇文章标题并详细评估了270篇文章后，我们汇总了来自51个独立研究人群中“曾经”晒伤与皮肤黑色素瘤风险的比值比。其中，26项研究报告了剂量反应分析的结果。使用固定效应模型和贝叶斯随机效应模型对剂量反应分析进行了检验。
结果
在所有时间段（儿童期、青春期、成年期和一生），晒伤次数越多，患黑色素瘤的风险越高。为了了解不同生命阶段之间的风险比较情况，我们还以每个生命阶段每十年五次晒伤的尺度报告了相同的线性模型。每十年五次晒伤的风险程度在成年期和一生晒伤中最高。
结论
总体而言，这些结果表明，在所有生命阶段，不仅仅是儿童期，晒伤次数越多，患黑色素瘤的风险就越高。预防措施应侧重于减少所有生命阶段的晒伤。
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