Spigelman G, Spigelman A, Englesson I
Department of Psychology, University of Lund, Sweden.
J Pers Assess. 1991 Jun;56(3):438-52. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5603_6.
The effects of parental divorce on the levels of aggression, hostility, and anxiety in children, as measured by the Rorschach test, together with the type and direction of aggression, as measured by the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study, were studied. The Rorschach and the Rosenzweig P-F study were administered to a nonclinical sample of 108 Swedish children ranging in age from 10 to 12 years old. The subjects constituted a divorce and a nondivorce group of 27 girls and 27 boys each. Children of divorced parents (hereafter referred to as divorce children, divorce boys, or divorce girls) showed significantly higher levels of hostility, aggression, and anxiety than children of married parents (hereafter referred to as nondivorce children, nondivorce boys, nondivorce girls). There were significant differences found in the type and direction of aggression between divorce girls and boys. Divorce boys showed more extraggression and ego defensive reactions, whereas divorce girls tended to evade aggression. The differences between divorce and nondivorce groups and the diversity of reactions between divorce boys and girls are discussed.
本研究探讨了父母离异对儿童攻击性、敌意和焦虑水平的影响（通过罗夏墨迹测验进行测量），以及攻击性的类型和方向（通过罗森茨韦格图片挫折研究进行测量）。对108名年龄在10至12岁之间的瑞典儿童非临床样本进行了罗夏墨迹测验和罗森茨韦格图片挫折研究。研究对象分为离婚组和非离婚组，每组各有27名女孩和27名男孩。父母离异的孩子（以下简称离婚儿童、离婚男孩或离婚女孩）表现出的敌意、攻击性和焦虑水平显著高于父母未离异的孩子（以下简称非离婚儿童、非离婚男孩、非离婚女孩）。离婚女孩和男孩在攻击性的类型和方向上存在显著差异。离婚男孩表现出更多的外向攻击性和自我防御反应，而离婚女孩则倾向于逃避攻击性。文中讨论了离婚组与非离婚组之间的差异以及离婚男孩和女孩反应的多样性。
