Lafargue Gilles, Franck Nicolas
Lab Neurosciences Fonctionnelles & Pathologies, CNRS, Université Lille Nord-de-France, France.
Conscious Cogn. 2009 Mar;18(1):277-89. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2008.05.004. Epub 2008 Jul 23.
Contemporary experimental research has emphasised the role of centrally generated signals arising from premotor areas in voluntary muscular force perception. It is therefore generally accepted that judgements of force are based on a central sense, known as the sense of effort, rather than on a sense of intra-muscular tension. Interestingly, the concept of effort is also present in the classical philosophy: to the French philosopher Maine de Biran [Maine de Biran (1805). Mémoire sur la décomposition de la pensée (Tome III), Vrin, Paris (1963)], the sense of effort is the fundamental component of self-experience, the landmark of the exercise of the will. In the present review, after a presentation of the nature and neurophysiological bases of effort sensation, we will examine its possible involvement in the neurocognitive process of agency. We will further focus on delusions of alien control in schizophrenic patients. Experimental data suggest that these patients have an abnormal awareness of effort caused by cerebral anomalies in the frontal and parietal lobes.
当代实验研究强调了运动前区产生的中枢信号在自愿肌肉力量感知中的作用。因此，人们普遍认为，力量判断是基于一种被称为努力感的中枢感觉，而不是基于肌肉内张力的感觉。有趣的是，努力的概念在古典哲学中也存在：对于法国哲学家梅因·德·比朗[梅因·德·比朗（1805年）。《关于思想分解的回忆录》（第三卷），弗林出版社，巴黎（1963年）]来说，努力感是自我体验的基本组成部分，是意志行使的标志。在本综述中，在介绍了努力感觉的性质和神经生理基础之后，我们将研究它可能参与的能动性神经认知过程。我们将进一步关注精神分裂症患者的异己控制妄想。实验数据表明，这些患者由于额叶和顶叶的脑异常而对努力有异常的意识。
