Hajali M, Fishman G A, Anderson R J
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (MC 648), Room 3.85, Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1855 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7234, USA.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2008 Aug;92(8):1065-8. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2008.138560.
To determine the prevalence of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients of various genetic subtypes using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
We performed a complete ocular examination on 124 RP patients including best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, anterior segment and a detailed fundus exam. OCT images were then acquired using two different units. The presence of hypo-reflective lacunae was used to diagnose CMO.
Of the 124 patients, 47 showed CMO in at least one eye (38%), while 34 showed CMO in both eyes (27%). The prevalence of CMO in at least one eye for autosomal dominant (AD) patients was 52%, for autosomal recessive (AR) 39%, isolated 39%, Usher II 35% and none in the X linked recessive (XL) group. Using a chi-square analysis, no statistical significant difference was found for the prevalence of "bilateral CMO" (p = 0.60) or "CMO in at least one eye" (p = 0.59) among the AD, AR, isolated and Usher II genetic subtypes.
Because of its notable prevalence, it would seem prudent to screen RP patients by OCT for the possible presence of CMO, to identify those amenable to treatment and also for future treatment trials when monitoring visual acuity.
使用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）确定不同基因亚型的视网膜色素变性（RP）患者中黄斑囊样水肿（CMO）的患病率。
我们对124例RP患者进行了全面的眼部检查，包括最佳矫正视力、眼压测量、眼前节和详细的眼底检查。然后使用两种不同的设备获取OCT图像。使用低反射腔隙的存在来诊断CMO。
在124例患者中，47例至少一只眼出现CMO（38%），34例双眼出现CMO（27%）。常染色体显性（AD）患者至少一只眼CMO的患病率为52%，常染色体隐性（AR）为39%，孤立型为39%，Usher II型为35%，X连锁隐性（XL）组无CMO。使用卡方分析，在AD、AR、孤立型和Usher II基因亚型中，“双侧CMO”（p = 0.60）或“至少一只眼CMO”（p = 0.59）的患病率没有统计学显著差异。
由于其显著的患病率，通过OCT对RP患者进行筛查以确定可能存在的CMO似乎是谨慎的做法，以便识别那些适合治疗的患者，并在监测视力时用于未来的治疗试验。
