Meerak Jomkhwan, Yukphan Pattaraporn, Miyashita Mika, Sato Hajime, Nakagawa Yasuyoshi, Tahara Yasutaka
Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Japan.
J Gen Appl Microbiol. 2008 Jun;54(3):159-66. doi: 10.2323/jgam.54.159.
Twenty-five Bacillus strains capable of producing gamma-polyglutamic acid (PGA) were isolated from fermented locust bean products manufactured in the savanna area of Ghana. To clarify the phylogeny of these PGA-producing strains, phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of 16S rDNA, rpoB (RNA polymerase beta-subunit) and fus (elongation factor G) genes were performed. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA indicated that ten isolates were clustered in the same group of Bacillus subtilis. Another ten isolates were located in the cluster of B. amyloliquefaciens, and the remaining isolates were identified as B. pumilus (three isolates) and B. licheniformis (two isolates), respectively. Phylogenetic trees based on the partial sequences of rpoB and fus genes were similar to the phylogeny based on 16S rDNA sequences. Thirty-four strains in 27 species belonging to the genus Bacillus and its neighbors were also investigated for PGA production. It was found that PGA was produced by B. amyloliquefaciens NBRC 14141 and NBRC 15535(T), B. atrophaeus NBRC 15539(T), B. licheniformis NBRC 12107, B. mojavensis NBRC 15718(T), B. pumilus NBRC 12094, B. subtilis NBRC 16449, and Lysinibacillus sphaericus NBRC 3525. Except for L. sphaericus, the above Bacillus species are very closely related in phylogeny, indicating that PGA-producing Bacillus strains constitute a cluster.
从加纳稀树草原地区生产的发酵刺槐豆产品中分离出25株能够产生γ-聚谷氨酸（PGA）的芽孢杆菌菌株。为了阐明这些产PGA菌株的系统发育，基于16S rDNA、rpoB（RNA聚合酶β亚基）和fus（延伸因子G）基因序列进行了系统发育分析。基于16S rDNA的系统发育树表明，10株分离株聚集在枯草芽孢杆菌的同一组中。另外10株分离株位于解淀粉芽孢杆菌簇中，其余分离株分别被鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌（3株）和地衣芽孢杆菌（2株）。基于rpoB和fus基因部分序列的系统发育树与基于16S rDNA序列的系统发育相似。还对芽孢杆菌属及其近缘属的27个物种中的34株菌株进行了PGA生产研究。发现解淀粉芽孢杆菌NBRC 14141和NBRC 15535(T)、萎缩芽孢杆菌NBRC 15539(T)、地衣芽孢杆菌NBRC 12107、莫哈韦芽孢杆菌NBRC 15718(T)、短小芽孢杆菌NBRC 12094、枯草芽孢杆菌NBRC 16449和球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌NBRC 3525能够产生PGA。除球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌外，上述芽孢杆菌物种在系统发育上非常密切相关，表明产PGA的芽孢杆菌菌株构成一个簇。
