Morissette Sandra B, Gulliver Suzy B, Kamholz Barbara W, Duade James, Farchione Todd, Devine Eric, Brown Timothy A, Barlow David H, Ciraulo Domenic
VA Boston Healthcare System, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, USA; Boston University Department of Psychology, USA.
Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, USA; Texas A&M, USA.
Addict Behav. 2008 Nov;33(11):1425-1431. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.06.012. Epub 2008 Jun 12.
Tobacco use is disproportionately represented among both alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) and anxiety disorders (ANX) compared to the general population [Kalman, D. A., Morissette, S. B., & George, T. P. (2005). Co-morbidity of nicotine and tobacco use in psychiatric and substance use disorders. The American Journal on Addictions, 14, 1-18]. Despite this common overlap, little is known about how smokers with co-occurring AUD-ANX differ from their nonsmoking counterparts. Seventy-two patients participated in a larger clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of venlafaxine and cognitive-behavioral therapy for AUD-ANX. Differences between daily smokers (n=23), chippers (n=12) and nonsmokers (n=37) with AUD-ANX were examined with respect to intensity and frequency of alcohol use, anxiety symptoms, depressed mood, and stress. Point prevalence of current daily smoking was 31.9%, which is considerably lower than traditionally reported in AUD studies. Consistent with predictions, daily smokers reported higher levels of alcohol dependence, average drinks per drinking occasion, and peak blood concentration levels in a day than nonsmokers during the 90 days prior to assessment. Chippers were nonsignificantly different from either smokers or nonsmokers. Smokers and nonsmokers did not differ with respect to percent heavy drinking days or emotional symptoms.
与普通人群相比，酒精使用障碍（AUDs）和焦虑症（ANX）患者中烟草使用的比例过高[卡尔曼，D. A.，莫里塞特，S. B.，& 乔治，T. P.（2005年）。精神疾病和物质使用障碍中尼古丁和烟草使用的共病情况。《美国成瘾杂志》，14，1 - 18]。尽管存在这种常见的重叠情况，但对于同时患有酒精使用障碍和焦虑症的吸烟者与不吸烟者之间的差异知之甚少。72名患者参与了一项更大规模的临床试验，评估文拉法辛和认知行为疗法对酒精使用障碍合并焦虑症的疗效。研究了患有酒精使用障碍合并焦虑症的每日吸烟者（n = 23）、偶尔吸烟者（n = 12）和不吸烟者（n = 37）在酒精使用强度和频率、焦虑症状、抑郁情绪及压力方面的差异。当前每日吸烟的时点患病率为31.9%，这远低于酒精使用障碍研究中传统报告的患病率。与预测一致，在评估前的90天内，每日吸烟者报告的酒精依赖水平、每次饮酒场合的平均饮酒量以及一天中的最高血药浓度水平均高于不吸烟者。偶尔吸烟者与吸烟者或不吸烟者之间无显著差异。吸烟者和不吸烟者在重度饮酒天数百分比或情绪症状方面没有差异。
