Maas Edwin, Robin Donald A, Austermann Hula Shannon N, Freedman Skott E, Wulf Gabriele, Ballard Kirrie J, Schmidt Richard A
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0071, USA.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2008 Aug;17(3):277-98. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2008/025).
There has been renewed interest on the part of speech-language pathologists to understand how the motor system learns and determine whether principles of motor learning, derived from studies of nonspeech motor skills, apply to treatment of motor speech disorders. The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce principles that enhance motor learning for nonspeech motor skills and to examine the extent to which these principles apply in treatment of motor speech disorders.
This tutorial critically reviews various principles in the context of nonspeech motor learning by reviewing selected literature from the major journals in motor learning. The potential application of these principles to speech motor learning is then discussed by reviewing relevant literature on treatment of speech disorders. Specific attention is paid to how these principles may be incorporated into treatment for motor speech disorders.
Evidence from nonspeech motor learning suggests that various principles may interact with each other and differentially affect diverse aspects of movements. Whereas few studies have directly examined these principles in speech motor (re)learning, available evidence suggests that these principles hold promise for treatment of motor speech disorders. Further research is necessary to determine which principles apply to speech motor (re)learning in impaired populations.
言语语言病理学家重新燃起了兴趣，想要了解运动系统如何学习，并确定源自非言语运动技能研究的运动学习原则是否适用于运动性言语障碍的治疗。本教程的目的是介绍增强非言语运动技能运动学习的原则，并探讨这些原则在运动性言语障碍治疗中的适用程度。
本教程通过回顾运动学习领域主要期刊的精选文献，批判性地审视了非言语运动学习背景下的各种原则。然后，通过回顾有关言语障碍治疗的相关文献，讨论了这些原则在言语运动学习中的潜在应用。特别关注这些原则如何融入运动性言语障碍的治疗中。
非言语运动学习的证据表明，各种原则可能相互作用，并对运动的不同方面产生不同影响。虽然很少有研究直接在言语运动（再）学习中检验这些原则，但现有证据表明这些原则有望用于治疗运动性言语障碍。需要进一步研究以确定哪些原则适用于受损人群的言语运动（再）学习。
