Luke D A, Rappaport J, Seidman E
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Am J Community Psychol. 1991 Feb;19(1):147-67. doi: 10.1007/BF00942263.
Expands Barker's theory of behavior settings by proposing an additional method of classifying settings based on their functional/behavioral aspects--the setting phenotype. Although behavior setting theory has been widely hailed as a revolutionary contribution to behavioral science, it has had limited impact on general psychology. This may be due in part to a reliance on a purely structural method of classifying behavior settings--the setting genotype. Behavioral data were collected from 510 meetings of 13 self-help groups from a mutual help organization for persons with problems in living. A cluster analysis was performed to uncover meaningful behavioral patterns among the groups. Four phenotypes were identified: personal, impersonal, small talk, and advising. Mutual help group phenotype was found to be related to a set of setting characteristics as well as to overall rated change of group members. The results are discussed in light of the significance of the phenotype construct for making behavior setting theory more relevant for social scientists.
通过提出一种基于功能/行为方面对环境进行分类的额外方法——环境表型，扩展了巴克的行为环境理论。尽管行为环境理论被誉为对行为科学的一项革命性贡献，但它对普通心理学的影响有限。这可能部分归因于依赖一种对行为环境进行分类的纯粹结构方法——环境基因型。从一个为生活有问题的人设立的互助组织的13个自助小组的510次会议中收集了行为数据。进行了聚类分析以揭示各小组之间有意义的行为模式。确定了四种表型：个人型、非个人型、闲聊型和建议型。发现互助小组表型与一组环境特征以及小组成员的总体评定变化有关。根据表型结构对于使行为环境理论与社会科学家更相关的意义对结果进行了讨论。
