Molecular detection of constitutional deletions in patients with retinoblastoma.

The recent cloning of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene as well as the identification of intragenic polymorphisms afford the necessary tools for the analysis of rearrangements using molecular hybridization. We searched for constitutional deletions by Southern blotting in 67 independent patients with normal karyotype comprising 15 familial and 52 sporadic cases. Among the latter, 33 were bilaterally and 19 unilaterally affected. We detected 6 deletions using cDNA probes covering almost all of the RB gene, as well as a genomic probe of the 5' part of the gene. With this approach, the incidence of detectable deletions was around 10%. No hot spots for deletion breakpoints were found. Asymptomatic carriers were detected in 2 families. The effectiveness of genetic counselling was largely improved by this approach.