Liu Xiang-Bao, Wang Jiang-An, Yu Shan Ping, Keogh Christine L, Wei Ling
Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Jun;7(3):227-34. doi: 10.2174/187152708784936617.
Erythropoietin (EPO) was first identified as a hematopoietic cytokine that stimulates proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for chronic renal disease patients with anemia. In neural tissues, EPO is working via EPO receptors and induces non-hematopoietic effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that EPO exerts therapeutic potentials on neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and Parkinson's disease. EPO treatment has been shown to reduce the ischemic infarct and hemorrhage volume, decrease neuronal death including apoptosis, and improve survival rates in animal models. The mechanism of EPO action in neurological disorders involves neuroprotection and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Clinical trials of EPO treatments in neurological diseases have accumulated positive results. In stroke patients, EPO treatment may reduce infarct volume and improve functional outcomes. EPO administration has proven safe in animal studies and adult human patients, although safety and efficacy data in neonates and infants are incomplete and long-term multi-center patient evaluations are necessary. Available information suggests that EPO is a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of neurological diseases.
促红细胞生成素（EPO）最初被鉴定为一种造血细胞因子，可刺激红系祖细胞的增殖和分化，并被美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于治疗慢性肾病贫血患者。在神经组织中，EPO通过EPO受体发挥作用，并诱导非造血作用。最近的研究表明，EPO对缺血性中风、脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血、创伤性脑损伤和帕金森病等神经系统疾病具有治疗潜力。在动物模型中，EPO治疗已被证明可减少缺血性梗死面积和出血量，减少包括凋亡在内的神经元死亡，并提高生存率。EPO在神经系统疾病中的作用机制涉及神经保护以及促进神经发生和血管生成。EPO治疗神经系统疾病的临床试验已积累了积极的结果。在中风患者中，EPO治疗可能会减少梗死面积并改善功能结局。尽管新生儿和婴儿的安全性和有效性数据不完整且需要长期多中心患者评估，但EPO给药在动物研究和成年患者中已被证明是安全的。现有信息表明，EPO是一种有前途的治疗神经系统疾病的药物。
