Zwijnenberg R J G, Smythe L D, Symonds M I, Dohnt M F, Toribio J-A L M L
Fort Dodge Australia Pty Limited, Baulkham Hills BC, NSW 2153, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2008 Aug;86(8):317-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2008.00324.x.
To measure the prevalence of canine leptospirosis in Queensland and to detect infection, if present, in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory by measuring the serological titres of dogs held in animal shelters.
Samples were collected through stratified sampling from multiple dog shelters in Queensland and New South Wales, and from one dog shelter located in close proximity to a major urban area in Victoria, South Australia, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. All samples were analysed using the microscopic agglutination test at the WHO/FAO/OIE Collaborating Centre for Reference & Research on Leptospirosis, Queensland Health Scientific Services in Brisbane, Queensland.
Of a total of 956 samples submitted, 18 (1.9%) had positive leptospirosis titres. True prevalence measured in Queensland was estimated to be 2.5%, and the true prevalence in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory was estimated to be 2.3%, 2.8%, 0%, 1% and 1.1% respectively. An association was found between seropositive status and female dogs (odds ratio (OR) 1.92) and seropositive status and the age group 1 to < 3 years (OR 1.41). Although 11 different serovars were detected, Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni was the most prevalent and was found in 4 of the 18 positive dogs as a single infection.
Serological evidence of canine leptospirosis in five states in mainland Australia indicates that the disease is more broadly distributed than previously thought.
测量昆士兰州犬钩端螺旋体病的患病率，并通过检测动物收容所中犬的血清学滴度，来检测新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、西澳大利亚州和北领地是否存在感染情况。
通过分层抽样，从昆士兰州和新南威尔士州的多个犬舍，以及位于维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、北领地和西澳大利亚州主要城市附近的一个犬舍收集样本。所有样本均在位于昆士兰州布里斯班的昆士兰卫生科学服务处的世界卫生组织/联合国粮食及农业组织/世界动物卫生组织钩端螺旋体病参考与研究合作中心，使用显微镜凝集试验进行分析。
在提交的956份样本中，有18份（1.9%）钩端螺旋体病滴度呈阳性。昆士兰州测得的实际患病率估计为2.5%，新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、西澳大利亚州和北领地的实际患病率估计分别为2.3%、2.8%、0%、1%和1.1%。发现血清阳性状态与雌性犬之间存在关联（优势比（OR）为1.92），血清阳性状态与1至<3岁年龄组之间也存在关联（OR为1.41）。尽管检测到11种不同的血清型，但问号钩端螺旋体哥本哈根血清型最为常见，在18只阳性犬中有4只作为单一感染被发现。
澳大利亚大陆五个州犬钩端螺旋体病的血清学证据表明，该病的分布比以前认为的更为广泛。
