Dunton Genevieve Fridlund, Berrigan David, Ballard-Barbash Rachel, Graubard Barry I, Atienza Audie A
Health Promotion Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Blvd/EPN 4051C, MSC 7365, Bethesda, MD 20892-7365, USA.
Prev Med. 2008 Nov;47(5):519-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.07.001. Epub 2008 Jul 15.
Demographic and temporal patterns in the social and physical environments of sports and exercise in the American Time Use Survey (years 2003-2006) are described.
The sample consisted of adult respondents (ages 21+) reporting at least one bout of sports or exercise (N=8844). During the interview, participants reported where (e.g., outdoors, home, work) and with whom (e.g., alone, family, coworkers) each bout occurred. Sample-weighted multinomial logistic regression analyses estimated the adjusted proportion of bouts occurring in each environment by gender, age, education, race/ethnicity, season, weekend/weekday, and time of day.
Among members of the oldest age group (ages 60+), more exercise bouts occurred alone and outdoors compared to younger age groups. Among college graduates, more exercise bouts occurred at a gym/health club compared to groups with lower levels of education. Exercise bouts occurring alone were most likely to happen in the winter, on weekdays, and in the morning. Exercise bouts occurring outdoors were most likely to happen in the summer, on weekend days, and in the morning.
Future research and intervention efforts exploring where, when and with whom exercise bouts occur may prove beneficial to addressing public health concerns about physical inactivity.
描述美国时间使用调查（2003 - 2006年）中体育和锻炼的社会及物理环境中的人口统计学和时间模式。
样本包括报告至少有一次体育活动或锻炼的成年受访者（年龄21岁及以上）（N = 8844）。在访谈中，参与者报告每次活动发生的地点（如户外、家中、工作场所）以及与谁一起（如独自、与家人、同事）。样本加权多项逻辑回归分析按性别、年龄、教育程度、种族/民族、季节、周末/工作日以及一天中的时间估计了在每种环境中发生的活动的调整比例。
在年龄最大的年龄组（60岁及以上）成员中，与较年轻年龄组相比，独自在户外进行的锻炼活动更多。在大学毕业生中，与教育程度较低的组相比，在健身房/健身俱乐部进行的锻炼活动更多。独自进行的锻炼活动最有可能在冬季、工作日和上午发生。在户外进行的锻炼活动最有可能在夏季、周末和上午发生。
未来探索锻炼活动发生的地点、时间和与谁一起进行的研究及干预措施可能有助于解决公众对身体不活动的健康担忧。
