Dunton Genevieve F, Berrigan David, Ballard-Barbash Rachel, Graubard Barry I, Atienza Audie A
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Sep;41(9):1698-705. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a06c9b.
Rising rates of physical inactivity and obesity in the United States highlight the critical need to identify contexts and settings that are conducive to the promotion of recreational physical activity. The current study investigated whether the intensity and duration of sports and exercise bouts differ across physical and social environments as reported in a nationally representative time use survey of U.S. adults.
From the American Time Use Survey (years 2003-2006), adult participants (ages > or =21 yr) who reported at least one bout of sports or exercise on the previous day were selected (N = 7700). For each exercise bout, respondents reported the activity type, its duration (in minutes), its location (e.g., outdoors, home, work, health club/gym), and with whom it occurred (e.g., alone, family members, coworkers, friends/acquaintances). Sample-weighted logistic and linear regression analyses examined differences in intensity expressed as METs (moderate, 3.0-6.0 METs; vigorous, >6.0 METs) and in duration of exercise bouts across environments.
Vigorous-intensity exercise was more likely when the bout occurred alone as compared with other social situations (P values < 0.001) and when at a gym/health club and at home as compared with outdoors (P values < 0.001). For both moderate and vigorous activities, exercise bouts were shorter when exercising alone versus with family members, friends/acquaintances, or multiple categories (P values < 0.001). Mean duration of exercise bouts was greater when exercising outdoors than when exercising at home, work, or at gym/health club (P values < 0.001).
Nationally representative time use data for U.S. adults suggest that the intensity and duration of exercise bouts are differentially affected by social contexts and physical settings.
美国身体活动不足和肥胖率的不断上升凸显了识别有利于促进休闲体育活动的环境和场所的迫切需求。本研究调查了在美国成年人具有全国代表性的时间使用调查中报告的体育和锻炼活动的强度和持续时间在身体和社会环境中是否存在差异。
从《美国时间使用调查》（2003 - 2006年）中，选取前一天报告至少进行了一次体育或锻炼活动的成年参与者（年龄≥21岁）（N = 7700）。对于每次锻炼活动，受访者报告活动类型、持续时间（以分钟为单位）、地点（如户外、家中、工作场所、健身俱乐部/健身房）以及与谁一起进行（如独自、家庭成员、同事、朋友/熟人）。样本加权逻辑回归和线性回归分析检验了以代谢当量（METs）表示的强度差异（中度，3.0 - 6.0 METs；剧烈，>6.0 METs）以及不同环境下锻炼活动的持续时间差异。
与其他社交情况相比，独自进行锻炼活动时更有可能进行剧烈强度的运动（P值<0.001），与户外相比，在健身房/健身俱乐部和家中进行锻炼时也是如此（P值<0.001）。对于中度和剧烈活动，独自锻炼时的活动持续时间比与家庭成员、朋友/熟人或多个类别一起锻炼时短（P值<0.001）。在户外锻炼时的平均锻炼活动持续时间比在家中、工作场所或健身房/健身俱乐部锻炼时更长（P值<0.001）。
美国成年人具有全国代表性的时间使用数据表明，锻炼活动的强度和持续时间受到社会环境和身体场所的不同影响。
