Ohno Koichi, Nakamura Tetsuro, Azuma Takashi, Yoshida Tatsuyuki, Yamada Hiroto, Hayashi Hiroaki, Masahata Kazunori
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka 534-0021, Japan.
J Pediatr Surg. 2008 Aug;43(8):1507-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.11.018.
Bacteriological examinations at hospitalization were monitored to identify carriers of pathogenic bacteria and prevent the outbreak of nosocomial and postoperative infections.
In 557 patients, bacteriological examinations were performed within 48 hours after hospitalization. All people were instructed to wash their hands before and after treating carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). The disposal of stool and urine of carriers was segregated instead of administration of sensitive antibiotics.
The 1176 samples comprised 557 throat swabs, 532 stool samples, and 87 other samples. At hospitalization, 9.2% of the patients were carriers of MRSA; 22.3% of the patients were carriers of MRSA, MRSE, PA, and/or other pathogenic bacteria. This percentage increased to 29.3% in 352 patients with a history of hospitalization, and 35.2% in 244 patients who were hospitalized within 1 year after previous hospitalization. Nosocomial and postoperative infections did not occur during the study period.
Many patients were detected as carriers of pathogenic bacteria at hospitalization. A history of hospitalization was found to be a risk factor for carrying pathogenic bacteria; hospitalization within 1 year after previous hospitalization was a high-risk factor.
监测住院时的细菌学检查，以识别病原菌携带者并预防医院感染和术后感染的爆发。
对557例患者在住院后48小时内进行细菌学检查。指导所有人在接触耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌（MRSE）和/或铜绿假单胞菌（PA）携带者之前和之后洗手。对携带者的粪便和尿液进行单独处理，而不是使用敏感抗生素。
1176份样本包括557份咽拭子、532份粪便样本和87份其他样本。住院时，9.2%的患者为MRSA携带者；22.3%的患者为MRSA、MRSE、PA和/或其他病原菌携带者。在352例有住院史的患者中，这一比例增至29.3%，在先前住院后1年内住院的244例患者中，这一比例为35.2%。在研究期间未发生医院感染和术后感染。
许多患者在住院时被检测为病原菌携带者。发现住院史是携带病原菌的一个危险因素；先前住院后1年内住院是一个高危险因素。
