Carlson Brandon A, Geornaras Ifigenia, Yoon Yohan, Scanga John A, Sofos John N, Smith Gary C, Belk Keith E
Center for Meat Safety and Quality, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1171, USA.
J Food Prot. 2008 Jul;71(7):1343-8. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.7.1343.
Studies were conducted to identify effective antimicrobials and application parameters that could be used as decontamination interventions to reduce microbial loads on cattle hides before removal from carcasses. In study I, hide swatches inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 were sprayed with 10% acetic acid (at 23 and 55 degrees C), 10% lactic acid (at 23 and 55 degrees C), 3% sodium hydroxide (at 23 degrees C) or 4 and 5% sodium metasilicate (at 23 degrees C). All antimicrobials were evaluated independently after being applied alone, being applied after a water rinse, or being followed by a water rinse. Antimicrobial treatments followed by a water rinse lowered E. coli O157:H7 populations by 0.6 to 2.4 log CFU/cm2 and resulted in hides with a surface pH of 6.3 to 9.2. Treatments in which a water rinse was followed by antimicrobial application lowered E. coli O157:H7 populations by 1.5 to 5.1 log CFU/cm2 but resulted in hides with a surface pH of 3.9 to 10.5. In study II, whole hides were treated with one of four antimicrobials (acetic acid, lactic acid, sodium hydroxide, or sodium metasilicate) followed by a water rinse. Hides were evaluated for aerobic bacterial counts, total coliform counts, and E. coli counts. Generally, all antimicrobials resulted in greater reductions (P < 0.05) of E. coli counts when compared with the control; however, only acetic and lactic acids resulted in greater reductions (P < 0.05) of aerobic bacterial counts and total coliform counts compared with the controls. These antimicrobials could be used to reduce microbial contamination on hides, potentially reducing microbiological contamination transferred to carcasses or to the plant environment.
开展了多项研究，以确定有效的抗菌剂和应用参数，这些可作为去污干预措施，在牛皮从胴体上剥离之前降低其微生物负荷。在研究I中，用大肠杆菌O157:H7接种的皮样被喷洒10%乙酸（在23和55摄氏度）、10%乳酸（在23和55摄氏度）、3%氢氧化钠（在23摄氏度）或4%和5%偏硅酸钠（在23摄氏度）。所有抗菌剂在单独使用后、水洗后使用或水洗后再使用的情况下分别进行评估。水洗后使用抗菌剂处理使大肠杆菌O157:H7数量降低了0.6至2.4 log CFU/cm2，处理后的皮表面pH值为6.3至9.2。水洗后再使用抗菌剂的处理使大肠杆菌O157:H7数量降低了1.5至5.1 log CFU/cm2，但处理后的皮表面pH值为3.9至10.5。在研究II中，整个牛皮用四种抗菌剂（乙酸、乳酸、氢氧化钠或偏硅酸钠）之一处理后再进行水洗。对牛皮进行需氧菌计数、总大肠菌群计数和大肠杆菌计数评估。一般来说，与对照相比，所有抗菌剂都使大肠杆菌计数有更大程度的降低（P<0.05）；然而，与对照相比，只有乙酸和乳酸使需氧菌计数和总大肠菌群计数有更大程度的降低（P<0.05）。这些抗菌剂可用于减少牛皮上的微生物污染，有可能减少转移到胴体或工厂环境中的微生物污染。
