Salami A K, Oluboyo P O
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2008 Mar;11(1):32-6.
To determine the incidence and risk of hospital-related TB amongst the health care workers and trainee students of this institution.
Retrospective study.
Chart review of PTB and EPTB diagnosed by AAFB in sputum, suggestive chest X-ray features of TB and aspiration cytology or tissue histology.
Thirty-two (1.5%) of the 2,173 total staff strength developed occupation-related TB in a 15 year period, 15 (47.0%) of which presented as HIV/TB co-infection. Junior HCWs were mostly affected and the male:female ratio was about 1:2. PTB occurred in 25 staffs (78.1%), EPTB occurred in 5 (15.6%) and 2 (6.3%) had disseminated TB. HCWs directly caring for patients; 24 (75.0%) were mostly affected. They were HCWs from nursing, 15 (47.0%) and clinical services, 9 (28.0%). Duration of employment of the affected HCWs varied from half a year to 11.5 years and the rate of diagnosis of cases varied from nil to 3 per year. Identified risks for acquiring and developing active TB in the hospital were; HIV infection 47.%, diabetes mellitus 9.4%, "alcoholic" liver cirrhosis; 6.3% and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3.1%.
Incidence of hospital-related TB is low amongst the staffs of UITH; however, all the HCWs of the hospital were at risk of exposure. Staffs at the clinical sections had the highest frequency of developing occupation-related TB, and HIV infection was the commonest risk factor.
确定该机构医护人员和实习学生中与医院相关的结核病发病率及风险。
回顾性研究。
对痰涂片抗酸杆菌（AAFB）诊断的肺结核（PTB）和肺外结核（EPTB）、提示结核病的胸部X线特征以及细针穿刺细胞学或组织病理学检查进行病历审查。
在2173名全体员工中，有32人（1.5%）在15年期间患上了与职业相关的结核病，其中15人（47.0%）表现为艾滋病毒/结核病合并感染。初级医护人员受影响最大，男女比例约为1:2。25名员工（78.1%）发生肺结核，5名（15.6%）发生肺外结核，2名（6.3%）发生播散性结核。直接护理患者的医护人员；24名（75.0%）受影响最大。他们是来自护理部门的医护人员，15名（47.0%），以及临床服务部门的9名（28.0%）。受影响医护人员的工作年限从半年到11.5年不等，每年的病例诊断率从无到3例不等。在医院中确定的感染和发展为活动性结核病的风险因素有：艾滋病毒感染47%，糖尿病9.4%，“酒精性”肝硬化6.3%，慢性阻塞性肺疾病3.1%。
在伊巴丹大学教学医院（UITH）的员工中，与医院相关的结核病发病率较低；然而，该医院所有医护人员都有接触风险。临床科室的员工发生与职业相关结核病的频率最高，艾滋病毒感染是最常见的风险因素。
