Jackson Felix R, Turmelle Amy S, Farino David M, Franka Richard, McCracken Gary F, Rupprecht Charles E
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2008 Jul;44(3):612-21. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-44.3.612.
A captive colony of adult Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus fuscus) was experimentally infected with a rabies virus (RABV) variant isolated from the salivary glands of a naturally infected Big Brown Bat and passaged once through murine neuroblastoma cell culture. Bats were divided into 11 groups, which were composed of one to three noninfected and one to three infected individuals each. Twenty of 38 animals were infected intramuscularly into both left and right masseter muscles; they received a total of 10(3.2) median mouse intracerebral lethal dose (MICLD50) of Big Brown Bat RABV variant. Experimental outcome after viral exposure was followed in the bats for 140 days postinoculation (PI). Of 20 infected bats, 16 developed clinical rabies, and the mean incubation period was 24 days (range: 13-52 days). Three infected bats never seroconverted and succumbed early to infection (13 days). Four infected bats that survived until the end of the experiment without any signs of disease maintained detectable antibody titers until the third month PI, peaking between days 13 and 43, and consequent drop-off below the threshold for detection occurred by day 140. Limited excretion of virus in saliva of infected bats during the clinical course of disease was observed in two individuals on days 13 and 15 PI (<24 hr prior to onset of clinical illness). No bat-to-bat transmission of RABV to noninfected bats was detected.
将成年大棕蝠（棕蝠属）的一个圈养群体用一种从自然感染的大棕蝠唾液腺中分离出的狂犬病病毒（RABV）变体进行实验性感染，并在鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞培养物中传代一次。蝙蝠被分为11组，每组由1至3只未感染个体和1至3只感染个体组成。38只动物中有20只通过肌肉注射接种到左右咬肌；它们总共接受了10（3.2）个大棕蝠RABV变体的小鼠脑内半数致死剂量（MICLD50）。在接种病毒后140天内对蝙蝠的病毒暴露实验结果进行跟踪。20只感染蝙蝠中，16只出现临床狂犬病症状，平均潜伏期为24天（范围：13 - 52天）。3只感染蝙蝠从未产生血清转化并在早期死于感染（13天）。4只存活至实验结束且无任何疾病迹象的感染蝙蝠在接种后第三个月之前一直保持可检测到的抗体滴度，在第13至43天达到峰值，到第140天抗体滴度降至检测阈值以下。在接种后第13天和第15天（临床疾病发作前<24小时），观察到2只感染蝙蝠在疾病临床过程中唾液中有有限的病毒排泄。未检测到RABV在蝙蝠之间向未感染蝙蝠的传播。
