Piraccini Bianca Maria, Iorizzo Matilde, Rech Giulia, Tosti Antonella
Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 1, Bologna, Italy.
Curr Drug Saf. 2006 Aug;1(3):301-5. doi: 10.2174/157488606777934477.
Drugs may induce hair loss, stimulate hair growth or, more rarely, induce changes in the hair shape and colour. Drug-induced hair loss is usually completely reversible and is, in most cases, a consequence of a toxic effect of the drug on the hair follicle matrix. In rare cases alopecia may be permanent. Depending on type of drug, dosage and patient susceptibility, hair loss presents as telogen effluvium, anagen effluvium or both. Telogen effluvium is also commonly observed after discontinuation of drugs that prolong anagen, such as topical minoxidil and oral contraceptives. Although a large number of drugs have been occasionally reported to produce hair loss, only for a few drugs the relation between drug intake and hair loss has been proven.
药物可能导致脱发、刺激头发生长，或更罕见地，引起头发形状和颜色的改变。药物性脱发通常是完全可逆的，在大多数情况下，是药物对毛囊基质产生毒性作用的结果。在极少数情况下，脱发可能是永久性的。根据药物类型、剂量和患者易感性，脱发表现为休止期脱发、生长期脱发或两者皆有。在停用延长生长期的药物（如外用米诺地尔和口服避孕药）后，也常观察到休止期脱发。尽管偶尔有大量药物被报道会导致脱发，但只有少数药物摄入与脱发之间的关系得到了证实。
