Baker S R
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor 48109-0312.
Head Neck. 1991 Jul-Aug;13(4):327-33. doi: 10.1002/hed.2880130410.
The relatively recent advent of tissue expansion for medical purposes precludes the availability of extensive knowledge concerning the physiologic and histologic changes that occur during controlled expansion of the skin. This paper reviews the basic science and clinical research that has been conducted to investigate the changes and summarizes the findings. It can be concluded that flaps harvested from skin previously expanded have an improved survival rate compared to similar flaps developed in nonexpanded skin. Increased vascularity to either the skin, the capsule that forms around the expander, or both probably in some way accounts for the improved survival. Controlled expansion of the skin results in the creation of additional new skin at the expense of thinning the dermis and subcutis. This thinning is associated with an overall decrease in tensile strength of the expanded skin. The increase in surface area gained from skin expansion probably varies according to the type of skin expanded and the underlying tissues that serve as a foundation for the expander.
医学用途的组织扩张技术问世时间相对较近，这使得我们无法获取关于皮肤在可控扩张过程中发生的生理和组织学变化的广泛知识。本文回顾了为研究这些变化而开展的基础科学和临床研究，并总结了研究结果。可以得出结论，与在未扩张皮肤中形成的类似皮瓣相比，取自先前扩张皮肤的皮瓣存活率更高。皮肤、围绕扩张器形成的包膜或两者的血管增多可能在某种程度上解释了存活率的提高。皮肤的可控扩张会以牺牲真皮和皮下组织变薄为代价，产生额外的新皮肤。这种变薄与扩张皮肤的拉伸强度总体下降有关。皮肤扩张所获得的表面积增加可能因扩张皮肤的类型以及作为扩张器基础的下层组织而异。
