Kemper Peter, Heier Brigitt, Barry Teta, Brannon Diane, Angelelli Joe, Vasey Joe, Anderson-Knott Mindy
Department of Health Policy and Administration, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Gerontologist. 2008 Jul;48 Spec No 1:17-25. doi: 10.1093/geront/48.supplement_1.17.
The study's goals were to understand what changes in management practices would most improve the jobs of frontline workers from the perspective of workers themselves and to analyze differences across settings.
The baseline survey of direct care workers (N=3,468) conducted as part of the National Study of the Better Jobs Better Care demonstration asked the following: "What is the single most important thing your employer could do to improve your job as a direct care worker?" We coded the open-ended responses and grouped them into categories. We then compared the percentages of workers recommending changes in these categories across settings and interpreted them in the context of previous conceptual frameworks.
Across settings, workers called for more pay and better work relationships including communication; supervision; and being appreciated, listened to, and treated with respect. The fraction of workers calling for these changes and additional specific changes differed substantially across nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, and home care agencies.
To increase retention of frontline workers, policy makers should design public policies and management practices to increase pay and to improve work relationships. However, specific strategies should differ across settings.
本研究的目标是从一线工人自身的角度了解管理实践中的哪些变化最能改善他们的工作，并分析不同环境之间的差异。
作为“更好的工作，更好的护理”示范项目全国性研究的一部分，对直接护理人员（N = 3468）进行了基线调查，问题如下：“您的雇主为改善您作为直接护理人员的工作所能做的最重要的一件事是什么？”我们对开放式回答进行编码，并将其归类。然后，我们比较了不同环境下建议这些类别变化的工人百分比，并在先前概念框架的背景下对其进行解释。
在所有环境中，工人们都要求提高工资并改善工作关系，包括沟通、监督以及得到赏识、倾听和尊重。要求这些变化以及其他具体变化的工人比例在护理机构、辅助生活设施和家庭护理机构之间存在很大差异。
为了提高一线工人的留用率，政策制定者应设计公共政策和管理实践，以提高工资并改善工作关系。然而，具体策略应因环境而异。
