Pereira M Graça, Berg-Cross Linda, Almeida Paulo, Machado J Cunha
University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Int J Behav Med. 2008;15(3):187-93. doi: 10.1080/10705500802222436.
Diabetes is a common disease in pediatric populations. Family functioning has been related to child adaptation to diabetes.
To determine the impact of family factors on diabetes, particularly the influence of family support and family environment on adherence to treatment, quality of life, and metabolic control in Portuguese adolescents with type 1 diabetes, taking in consideration age, sex, duration of disease, and social class.
This study used a cross-sectional design. A sample of 157 Portuguese diabetic patients filled disease-specific measures on adherence and quality of life and family functioning measures. Hypotheses were that family support and an organized family environment (high cohesion and low conflict) would be positively associated with better adherence, metabolic control, and quality of life.
This study's results confirmed that adherence was predicted by family support for females and lower-class patients while metabolic control was predicted by family conflict for upper-class patients. Quality of life was predicted by lack of family conflict and family social support for both males and females as well as lower-class patients.
The results highlight the importance of studying family variables in adolescents' diabetes care within the wider cultural factors affecting the patient.
糖尿病是儿科人群中的常见疾病。家庭功能与儿童对糖尿病的适应情况相关。
确定家庭因素对糖尿病的影响，特别是家庭支持和家庭环境对葡萄牙1型糖尿病青少年患者治疗依从性、生活质量和代谢控制的影响，同时考虑年龄、性别、病程和社会阶层。
本研究采用横断面设计。157名葡萄牙糖尿病患者的样本填写了关于治疗依从性、生活质量的疾病特异性量表以及家庭功能量表。研究假设为家庭支持和有序的家庭环境（高凝聚力和低冲突）与更好的治疗依从性、代谢控制和生活质量呈正相关。
本研究结果证实，女性和低收入阶层患者的治疗依从性受家庭支持的影响，而高收入阶层患者的代谢控制受家庭冲突的影响。男性和女性以及低收入阶层患者的生活质量受家庭冲突的缺乏和家庭社会支持的影响。
研究结果凸显了在影响患者的更广泛文化因素背景下，研究青少年糖尿病护理中家庭变量的重要性。
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