Serdula M K, Cairns K A, Williamson D F, Fuller M, Brown J E
Division of Nutrition, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1991 Jan;91(1):41-5.
Infant feeding was examined in 492 children in a population-based survey conducted in a low-income, urban county of St Paul, Minn. Of 41 Southeast Asian infants who were foreign born, 93% (38) had been breast-fed compared with 10% (12) of Southeast Asian infants born in the United States (n = 116). Among non-Southeast Asian infants, 73% (173) of whites (n = 237), 63% (27) of blacks (n = 43) and 65% (36) of other ethnic groups (n = 55) had been breast-fed. Among the non-Southeast Asian infants, the initiation of breast-feeding was associated with higher parental education and with being married. Ethnic group, level of poverty, and participation in the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children during pregnancy did not appear to influence the initiation of breast-feeding. The findings indicate a higher incidence of breast-feeding than in previous surveys of low-income black and white women; however, this may reflect the higher educational level of the non-Southeast Asian study population. In contrast, the sharp decline in the incidence of breast-feeding among Southeast Asian infants who were born in the United States compared with those who were foreign born indicates the need for public health approaches to strengthen traditional breast-feeding practices.
在明尼苏达州圣保罗市一个低收入城市县进行的一项基于人群的调查中，对492名儿童的婴儿喂养情况进行了检查。在41名外国出生的东南亚婴儿中，93%（38名）曾接受母乳喂养，而在美国出生的东南亚婴儿中这一比例为10%（12名）（n = 116）。在非东南亚婴儿中，白人（n = 237）中有73%（173名）、黑人（n = 43）中有63%（27名）以及其他种族群体（n = 55）中有65%（36名）曾接受母乳喂养。在非东南亚婴儿中，开始母乳喂养与较高的父母教育水平和已婚有关。种族、贫困程度以及孕期参与妇女、婴儿和儿童补充食品计划似乎并未影响母乳喂养的开始。研究结果表明，母乳喂养的发生率高于以往对低收入黑人和白人女性的调查；然而，这可能反映了非东南亚研究人群较高的教育水平。相比之下，在美国出生的东南亚婴儿与外国出生的东南亚婴儿相比，母乳喂养发生率急剧下降，这表明需要采取公共卫生措施来加强传统的母乳喂养做法。
