Spears Brian L, Brown Michael W, Hester Cyrus M
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Upper Columbia Fish and Wildlife Office, 11103 East Montgomery Drive, Spokane, Washington 99206, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2008 Dec;27(12):2512-20. doi: 10.1897/07-625.1.
We studied tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) at the Sangamo National Priorities List (NPL) site and a reference area (Little Grassy) within Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge, Illinois, USA, to evaluate the bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at the NPL site following remediation. Tree swallow eggs and 12- to 17-d-old chicks were collected from April to June 2004 and 2005. Total egg PCB concentrations in eggs did not differ between years at Sangamo; mean concentrations at Sangamo in 2004 to 2005 (4,452 ng/g) were higher than those from Little Grassy in 2004 (351 ng/g; p = 0.002) and 2005 (705 ng/g; p = 0.007). A positive PCB dilution in chicks is equivalent to relatively large amounts of exposure and absorption. Total PCB daily dilution in chicks in 2004 and 2005 averaged 92.4 and -203 ng/g/d at Sangamo and -21.8 and -42.7 ng/g/d at Little Grassy. Dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) in eggs in 2004 and 2005 were 1,844 and 676 pg/g at Sangamo and 165 and 128 pg/g at Little Grassy. Mean TEQs in chicks in 2004 and 2005 were 117 and 23.8 pg/g body weight at Sangamo and 0.8 and 0.7 pg/g body weight at Little Grassy. Total PCB concentrations in eggs and chicks at Sangamo and Little Grassy appeared to be comparable to other PCB-contaminated and reference sites. Our data demonstrate that tree swallows using the Sangamo site continue to accumulate significant quantities of PCBs seven years after remedial actions. These findings prompted a reevaluation of remediation at the site and underscore the importance of postremediation monitoring of ecological receptors, particularly in cases involving persistent environmental contaminants.
我们在美国伊利诺伊州蟹果园国家野生动物保护区内的桑加莫国家优先名录（NPL）场地及一个对照区域（小草地）对树燕（双色树燕）展开研究，以评估修复后NPL场地中多氯联苯（PCBs）的生物有效性。2004年和2005年4月至6月期间收集了树燕的卵及12至17日龄的雏鸟。桑加莫场地卵中多氯联苯的总浓度在不同年份间无差异；2004年至2005年桑加莫场地的平均浓度（4452纳克/克）高于2004年（351纳克/克；p = 0.002）和2005年（705纳克/克；p = 0.007）小草地的浓度。雏鸟体内多氯联苯的正向稀释相当于相对大量的暴露和吸收。2004年和2005年桑加莫场地雏鸟体内多氯联苯的每日总稀释量平均分别为92.4和 -203纳克/克/天，小草地分别为 -21.8和 -42.7纳克/克/天。2004年和2005年桑加莫场地卵中二恶英毒性当量（TEQs）分别为1844和676皮克/克，小草地分别为165和128皮克/克。2004年和2005年桑加莫场地雏鸟的平均TEQs分别为117和23.8皮克/克体重，小草地分别为0.8和0.7皮克/克体重。桑加莫场地和小草地卵及雏鸟中多氯联苯的总浓度似乎与其他受多氯联苯污染的场地及对照场地相当。我们的数据表明，在采取修复行动七年后，使用桑加莫场地的树燕仍在持续积累大量多氯联苯。这些发现促使对该场地的修复进行重新评估，并强调了对生态受体进行修复后监测的重要性，尤其是在涉及持久性环境污染物的情况下。
