Caplan A I
Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
J Orthop Res. 1991 Sep;9(5):641-50. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090504.
Bone and cartilage formation in the embryo and repair and turnover in the adult involve the progeny of a small number of cells called mesenchymal stem cells. These cells divide, and their progeny become committed to a specific and distinctive phenotypic pathway, a lineage with discrete steps and, finally, end-stage cells involved with fabrication of a unique tissue type, e.g., cartilage or bone. Local cuing (extrinsic factors) and the genomic potential (intrinsic factors) interact at each lineage step to control the rate and characteristic phenotype of the cells in the emerging tissue. The study of these mesenchymal stem cells, whether isolated from embryos or adults, provides the basis for the emergence of a new therapeutic technology of self-cell repair. The isolation, mitotic expansion, and site-directed delivery of autologous stem cells can govern the rapid and specific repair of skeletal tissues.
胚胎中的骨和软骨形成以及成体中的修复和更新涉及少量称为间充质干细胞的细胞后代。这些细胞分裂，其后代会走上特定且独特的表型途径，即具有离散步骤的谱系，最终成为参与制造独特组织类型（如软骨或骨）的终末细胞。在每个谱系步骤中，局部信号（外在因素）和基因组潜力（内在因素）相互作用，以控制新生组织中细胞的速率和特征表型。对这些间充质干细胞的研究，无论其是从胚胎还是成体中分离得到，都为一种新的自体细胞修复治疗技术的出现奠定了基础。自体干细胞的分离、有丝分裂扩增和定点递送能够控制骨骼组织的快速和特异性修复。
