Moyo B, Masika P J
Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X 1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2009 Apr;41(4):517-23. doi: 10.1007/s11250-008-9216-4. Epub 2008 Aug 14.
A survey to document tick control methods used by resource-limited farmers in the control of cattle ticks in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was conducted by interviewing 59 cattle farmers using structured questionnaires and general conversation. Information collected was on external parasites of cattle, their effects and their control methods. Ticks were reported to be a major problem causing diseases like anaplasmosis (89.8%), babesiosis (55.9%) and ehrlichiosis (16.9%), as well as wounds that predispose to screwworm infestation, tick worry and teat damage to cows troubling farmers in their farming enterprises. The main tick control methods were; acaricides provided by government, however 94.9% of the farmers interviewed were of the opinion that the dip wash is not effective in killing the ticks. As a result, farmers complement the government dipping service with their own initiatives like spraying with conventional acaricides (22%), household disinfectants such as Jeyes fluid (18.6%), used engine oil (10.2%), chickens (5.1%), manual removal (5.1%), and pouricides (1.7%). In addition, some farmers also use plants (6.8%), mainly the leaf of Aloe ferox and the bark of Ptaeroxylon obliquum. The study revealed ticks to be a major problem in the study area.
通过使用结构化问卷并进行一般交谈，对南非东开普省59位养牛农民进行了一项调查，以记录资源有限的农民在控制牛蜱时所采用的蜱虫控制方法。收集到的信息涉及牛的体外寄生虫、其影响及其控制方法。据报告，蜱虫是一个主要问题，会引发诸如无形体病（89.8%）、巴贝斯虫病（55.9%）和埃立克体病（16.9%）等疾病，还会导致伤口，易引发螺旋蝇感染、蜱虫叮咬困扰以及奶牛乳头损伤，给农民的养殖企业带来麻烦。主要的蜱虫控制方法有：政府提供的杀螨剂，然而94.9%的受访农民认为浸洗无效。因此，农民通过自己的举措来补充政府的浸洗服务，比如使用传统杀螨剂喷洒（22%）、家用消毒剂如杰伊斯液体（18.6%）、用过的发动机油（10.2%）、鸡（5.1%）、人工摘除（5.1%）和浇泼剂（1.7%）。此外，一些农民还使用植物（6.8%），主要是库拉索芦荟叶和斜叶翼核果树皮。该研究表明蜱虫是研究区域的一个主要问题。
