Chiral separation by capillary electromigration techniques.

This review gives an overview of chiral separation principles and their applications in capillary electromigration techniques. The basic chiral separation principles are explained and the mechanisms discussed. Recent developments and new techniques in CZE and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) are highlighted. New chiral selectors among cyclodextrins, crown ethers, carbohydrates, macrocyclic antibiotics, proteins, chiral ion-pairing reagents, chiral surfactants and chiral metal ion complexes and their chiral recognition ability are discussed. Recent advances in chip technology for chiral separation and new approaches regarding improvement of detection sensitivity are presented. Due to the tremendous number of publications dealing with applications, in this review only recent applications are summarized.