Drake J M, Joy M, Goldenberg A, Kreindler D
Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Neurosurgery. 1991 Jul;29(1):27-33. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199107000-00005.
Six children ranging in age from 2 to 10 years who harbored deep benign astrocytomas were operated upon using a computer- and robot-assisted system. A radical excision was achieved in all cases with no significant morbidity nor any mortality. The system consists of an interactive, three-dimensional display of computed tomographic image contours and digitized cerebral angiograms taken using the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotactic frame. The surgical retractor is held and manipulated using a PUMA 200 robot. The position and orientation of the surgical retractor is displayed on the three-dimensional display. Preoperative planning and simulation are important features of this system. Movement of the brain after removal of the tumor and cerebrospinal fluid is substantial, so the tumor removal is based on visually defined margins. Enhanced computer graphics and robotic devices are important adjuncts to neurosurgical procedures and will find increasing use in the future.
对6名年龄在2至10岁、患有深部良性星形细胞瘤的儿童，使用计算机和机器人辅助系统进行了手术。所有病例均实现了根治性切除，无明显并发症，也无死亡病例。该系统包括计算机断层扫描图像轮廓的交互式三维显示以及使用布朗-罗伯茨-韦尔斯立体定向框架拍摄的数字化脑血管造影。手术牵开器由PUMA 200机器人握持和操作。手术牵开器的位置和方向显示在三维显示屏上。术前规划和模拟是该系统的重要特点。切除肿瘤和脑脊液后大脑的移动幅度很大，因此肿瘤切除基于视觉确定的边界。增强型计算机图形和机器人设备是神经外科手术的重要辅助工具，未来将得到越来越广泛的应用。
