Werner Sherry L, Suri Misty, Guido John A, Meister Keith, Jones Deryk G
Texas Metroplex Institute for Sports Performance, Grand Prairie, TX 75050, USA.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008 Nov-Dec;17(6):905-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2008.04.002. Epub 2008 Aug 15.
Although ball speed is considered a measure of success in baseball pitching, little is known about the relationship between ball velocity and pitching mechanics. Investigation of this relationship has been limited, and the studies carried out have varied in methodology. Three-dimensional, high-speed (240 Hz) video data were collected on fastballs from 54 collegiate baseball pitchers. Kinematic parameters related to pitching mechanics and resultant kinetics on the throwing shoulder and elbow were calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to relate ball velocity and pitching mechanics. Ball velocity averaged 35 m/sec (79 mph) for the 54 college pitchers. Nearly 70% of the variability in ball speed can be explained by a combination of 10 parameters related to pitching mechanics. Body mass and 9 temporal and kinematic parameters related to pitching mechanics combine to account for 68% of the variance in ball velocity for a collegiate population of athletes. These variables can be manipulated via mechanical changes and sport-specific training to affect ball velocity. The results of the study can be used to increase ball velocity while at the same time minimizing stresses on the throwing arm elbow and shoulder. Improved training programs can begin to be developed based on these data.
尽管球速被视为棒球投球成功与否的一项衡量指标，但关于球速与投球力学之间的关系却鲜为人知。对这种关系的研究一直很有限，而且所开展的研究在方法上也各不相同。收集了54名大学棒球投手投出的快球的三维高速（240赫兹）视频数据。计算了与投球力学相关的运动学参数以及投掷肩和肘部的合成动力学参数。使用多元线性回归分析来关联球速和投球力学。54名大学投手投球的平均球速为35米/秒（79英里/小时）。与投球力学相关的10个参数的组合可以解释近70%的球速变化。体重以及与投球力学相关的9个时间和运动学参数共同解释了大学生运动员群体中球速方差的68%。这些变量可以通过力学改变和专项运动训练来加以控制，从而影响球速。该研究结果可用于提高球速，同时将对投掷手臂肘部和肩部造成的压力降至最低。基于这些数据，可以开始制定改进的训练计划。
