Reichhold Stefanie, Neubauer Oliver, Ehrlich Veronika, Knasmüller Siegfried, Wagner Karl-Heinz
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Aug;17(8):1913-9. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0293.
During acute and strenuous exercise, the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species can induce damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an Ironman triathlon (3.8 km swim, 180 km cycle, 42 km run), as a prototype of ultra-endurance exercise, on DNA stability. As biomarkers of genomic instability, the number of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds were measured within the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in once-divided peripheral lymphocytes of 20 male triathletes. Blood samples were taken 2 days before, within 20 min after the race, and 5 and 19 days post-race. Overall, the number of micronuclei decreased (P < 0.05) after the race, remained at a low level until 5 days post-race, and declined further to 19 days post-race (P < 0.01). The frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds did not change immediately after the triathlon. The number of nucleoplasmic bridge declined from 2 days pre-race to 19 days post-exercise (P < 0.05). The frequency of nuclear buds increased after the triathlon, peaking 5 days post-race (P < 0.01) and decreased to basic levels 19 days after the race (P < 0.01). The results suggest that an Ironman triathlon does not cause long-lasting DNA damage in well-trained athletes.
在急性剧烈运动期间，活性氧的生成增强可导致脂质、蛋白质和核酸受损。本研究旨在调查作为超耐力运动典型代表的铁人三项赛（3.8公里游泳、180公里骑行、42公里跑步）对DNA稳定性的影响。在胞质分裂阻断微核细胞分析法中，对20名男性铁人三项运动员单次分裂的外周血淋巴细胞中的微核、核质桥和核芽数量进行测定，以此作为基因组不稳定的生物标志物。在比赛前2天、比赛后20分钟内以及比赛后5天和19天采集血样。总体而言，比赛后微核数量减少（P<0.05），直到比赛后5天一直维持在低水平，到比赛后19天进一步下降（P<0.01）。铁人三项赛后核质桥和核芽的频率没有立即改变。核质桥数量从比赛前2天到运动后19天下降（P<0.05）。核芽频率在铁人三项赛后增加，在比赛后5天达到峰值（P<0.01），并在比赛后19天降至基础水平（P<0.01）。结果表明，铁人三项赛不会在训练有素的运动员中造成持久的DNA损伤。
