Sandoval Patricia Tomé, Arreola Laura Del Pilar Torres, Quechol Guillermina Romero, Gallardo Héctor Guiscafré
División de Desarrollo de la Investigación, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social, Ciudad de Mexico.
Rev Saude Publica. 2008 Aug;42(4):679-83. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102008000400014.
To estimate seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis in students and their community.
A total of 12,273 adolescent students aged 12 to 15 years from 14 public high schools in Mexico City were studied from September 2002 to March 2003. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from those adolescents with whooping cough for more than 14 days. Infection was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All students, school staff and family exposed to PCR-confirmed cases were tested.
Whooping cough rate was 5 to 1,000 students. Of those students (61) who were identified with whooping cough for more than 14 days, 20 (32.8%) were positive to Bordetella pertussis. Of 152 people exposed (contacts) to these cases, 16 (10.6%) were positive and only eight (50%) had whooping cough. One of these exposed (contacts) was the principal of a school that had more than 60% positive cases (12/20) and who was also a teacher of 10 infected students. Of 29 family members tested, eight (27.6%) were positive and from three different families.
The study results show a similar rate of whooping cough in adolescents as seen in other countries. Since persistent cough is not always clinically seen in all infected individuals, there may be asymptomatic cases of Bordetella infection.
评估墨西哥城学生及其社区中百日咳博德特氏菌的血清流行率。
2002年9月至2003年3月，对墨西哥城14所公立高中的12273名12至15岁的青少年学生进行了研究。从患有百日咳超过14天的青少年中采集鼻咽样本。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认感染情况。对所有学生、学校工作人员以及与PCR确诊病例有接触的家庭成员进行检测。
百日咳发病率为每1000名学生中有5例。在那些被确诊患有百日咳超过14天的学生（61名）中，20名（32.8%）百日咳博德特氏菌检测呈阳性。在与这些病例有接触的152人中，16人（10.6%）检测呈阳性，其中只有8人（50%）患有百日咳。这些有接触者中有一人是一所学校的校长，该校阳性病例超过60%（12/20），并且他还是10名感染学生的教师。在接受检测的29名家庭成员中，8人（27.6%）检测呈阳性，来自三个不同家庭。
研究结果表明，青少年百日咳发病率与其他国家相似。由于并非所有感染者临床上都会一直出现咳嗽症状，可能存在百日咳博德特氏菌无症状感染病例。
