Padhi Bijaya Kumar, Padhy Pratap Kumar
Centre for Environmental Studies, Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India.
Inhal Toxicol. 2008 Sep;20(11):973-9. doi: 10.1080/08958370701866420.
Ambient air quality along with micrometeorological data was measured in a suburban area of India, from March 2006 to February 2007 in order to assess the intra-urban variability of air pollutants in different parts of the city. The prevalences of asthma and respiratory disorders were determined using a questionnaire survey of 750 adults. The association between intra-urban variability of air pollution and respiratory diseases were evaluated with logistic regression analyses. Compared with subjects staying 5.0 km away from a main road to those subjects living within 0.5 km and 1.0 km had odds ratios of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.50), 3.57 (95% CI, 3.00 to 3.95), and 3.00 (95% CI, 2.85 to 3.50), respectively for doctor-diagnosed asthma. A reduction of measured pollutant concentration with increase in distance from the main road was observed. The study demonstrated that residential exposure to highly trafficked roads is associated with respiratory diseases. Considering the continuing rise in motorized vehicle use and the paramount role of inhalation toxicology, these findings have high public health relevance and should be corroborated in prospective studies.
2006年3月至2007年2月期间，在印度的一个郊区测量了环境空气质量以及微气象数据，以评估城市不同区域空气污染物的城市内部变异性。通过对750名成年人进行问卷调查，确定哮喘和呼吸系统疾病的患病率。采用逻辑回归分析评估空气污染的城市内部变异性与呼吸系统疾病之间的关联。与居住在距离主干道5.0公里处的受试者相比，居住在距离主干道0.5公里和1.0公里范围内的受试者，经医生诊断患有哮喘的比值比分别为1.00（95%可信区间，0.85至1.50）、3.57（95%可信区间，3.00至3.95）和3.00（95%可信区间，2.85至3.50）。观察到随着距离主干道距离的增加，测量的污染物浓度降低。该研究表明，居住在交通繁忙道路附近与呼吸系统疾病有关。考虑到机动车使用的持续增加以及吸入毒理学的重要作用，这些发现具有很高的公共卫生相关性，应在前瞻性研究中得到证实。
