Stöggl Thomas, Müller Erich, Lindinger Stefan
Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
J Sports Sci. 2008 Sep;26(11):1225-33. doi: 10.1080/02640410802027386.
The aims of the study were to: (1) adapt the "double-push" technique from inline skating to cross-country skiing; (2) compare this new skiing technique with the conventional skate skiing cross-country technique; and (3) test the hypothesis that the double-push technique improves skiing speed in a short sprint. 13 elite skiers performed maximum-speed sprints over 100 m using the double-push skate skiing technique and using the conventional "V2" skate skiing technique. Pole and plantar forces, knee angle, cycle characteristics, and electromyography of nine lower body muscles were analysed. We found that the double-push technique could be successfully transferred to cross-country skiing, and that this new technique is faster than the conventional skate skiing technique. The double-push technique was 2.9 +/- 2.2% faster (P < 0.001), which corresponds to a time advantage of 0.41 +/- 0.31 s over 100 m. The double-push technique had a longer cycle length and a lower cycle rate, and it was characterized by higher muscle activity, higher knee extension amplitudes and velocities, and higher peak foot forces, especially in the first phase of the push-off. Also, the foot was more loaded laterally in the double-push technique than in the conventional skate skiing technique.
（1）将直排轮滑的“双推”技术应用于越野滑雪；（2）将这种新的滑雪技术与传统的越野滑雪速滑技术进行比较；（3）验证双推技术能提高短距离冲刺滑雪速度的假设。13名精英滑雪者分别使用双推速滑技术和传统的“V2”速滑技术进行了100米的最高速度冲刺。分析了撑杆力和足底力、膝关节角度、周期特征以及九块下半身肌肉的肌电图。我们发现双推技术可以成功地应用于越野滑雪，并且这种新技术比传统的速滑技术更快。双推技术快2.9 +/- 2.2%（P < 0.001），相当于100米的时间优势为0.41 +/- 0.31秒。双推技术的周期长度更长，周期频率更低，其特点是肌肉活动更高、膝关节伸展幅度和速度更高，以及峰值足力更高，尤其是在蹬离的第一阶段。此外，与传统的速滑技术相比，双推技术中足部的侧向负荷更大。
