Vecchio Fabrizio, Del Percio Claudio, Marzano Nicola, Fiore Antonio, Toran Giancarlo, Aschieri Pierluigi, Gallamini Michele, Cabras Jessica, Rossini Paolo Maria, Babiloni Claudio, Eusebi Fabrizio
Department of Neuroscience, Fatebenfratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy.
Behav Neurosci. 2008 Aug;122(4):917-27. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.122.4.917.
We tested the hypothesis that functional cortico-muscular coupling of brain rhythms is implied in the control of lower limb muscles for upright standing. Electroencephalographic (EEG; Be-plus Eb-Neuro) and electromyographic (EMG) data were recorded in 18 fencing and 19 karate elite athletes, 14 karate amateurs, and 9 non-athletes, during quiet upright standing with open and closed eyes conditions. Cortico-muscular coupling was evaluated by computing EEG-EMG spectral coherence and directed transfer function (DTF). Body sway area did not differ among the groups. In non-athletes, the EEG-EMG coherence (gastrocnemius lateralis) at centro-parietal and parasylvian alpha rhythms (about 8-12 Hz) was higher during the open than closed eyes condition. This was not true in the elite athletes. At the same alpha rhythms, the sport amateurs presented values halfway between the non-athletes and elite athletes. Finally, the DTF was higher for cortico-muscular than muscular-cortical direction. These results suggest that visual information affects cortico-muscular coherence at 8-12 Hz in non-athletes and amateur athletes but not in elite athletes. In elite athletes, this might be due to a long training for the control of equilibrium based on proprioceptive and tactile inputs.
大脑节律的功能性皮质-肌肉耦合在下肢肌肉控制以维持直立站立中起作用。在18名击剑运动员、19名空手道精英运动员、14名空手道业余爱好者和9名非运动员安静站立睁眼和闭眼状态下，记录脑电图（EEG；Be-plus Eb-Neuro）和肌电图（EMG）数据。通过计算EEG-EMG频谱相干性和定向传递函数（DTF）来评估皮质-肌肉耦合。各组之间身体摆动面积无差异。在非运动员中，中央顶叶和颞叶旁α节律（约8-12Hz）时，外侧腓肠肌的EEG-EMG相干性在睁眼时高于闭眼时。精英运动员中并非如此。在相同的α节律下，运动业余爱好者的数值介于非运动员和精英运动员之间。最后，皮质-肌肉方向的DTF高于肌肉-皮质方向。这些结果表明，视觉信息影响非运动员和业余运动员8-12Hz的皮质-肌肉相干性，但不影响精英运动员。在精英运动员中，这可能是由于基于本体感觉和触觉输入进行的长期平衡控制训练。
