Richards J S, Ireland J J, Rao M C, Bernath G A, Midgley A R, Reichert L E
Endocrinology. 1976 Dec;99(6):1562-70. doi: 10.1210/endo-99-6-1562.
The effects of estradiol, FSH and LH on ovarian follicular development and granulosa cell differentiation were examined in the immature rat hypophysectomized on day 24 of age. Administration of estradiol to hypophysectomized rats for 4 days stimulated the growth of large preantral follicles with a concomitant 1.5-fold increase in FSH receptor content and a 4-fold decrease in LH receptor content in the granulosa cells. When highly purified hFSH was administered alone, receptor content for FSH increased progressively for 4 days while receptor for LH remained essentially unchanged. However, when rats were pretreated with estradiol, the response of follicles to FSH was markedly enhanced as indicated by the appearance of large, antral follicles and elevated receptor content for both FSH and LH. Receptor content for FSH increased markedly in response to hFSH following only one day of estradiol pretreatment, while receptor content for LH increased most rapidly in response to hFSH after 3 days of estradiol pretreatment. LH administered to rats possessing large preovulatory follicles caused luteinization of granulosa cells and a marked decline in receptor content for both gonadotropins within 24 h. Receptor content remained low even 48 h after LH administration when granulosa cells were fully luteinized. These results indicated that follicular development and granulosa cell differentiation are dependent on steroid-protein hormone regulation of hormone specific receptors.
在24日龄时切除垂体的未成熟大鼠中，研究了雌二醇、促卵泡激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）对卵巢卵泡发育和颗粒细胞分化的影响。对切除垂体的大鼠给予雌二醇4天，可刺激大的腔前卵泡生长，同时颗粒细胞中FSH受体含量增加1.5倍，LH受体含量减少4倍。单独给予高度纯化的人FSH时，FSH受体含量在4天内逐渐增加，而LH受体基本保持不变。然而，当大鼠用雌二醇预处理时，卵泡对FSH的反应明显增强，表现为出现大的窦状卵泡以及FSH和LH受体含量升高。仅经过一天的雌二醇预处理，FSH受体含量就因hFSH的作用而显著增加，而LH受体含量在雌二醇预处理3天后对hFSH的反应最为迅速。对具有大的排卵前卵泡的大鼠给予LH，可导致颗粒细胞黄体化，并且在24小时内两种促性腺激素的受体含量显著下降。即使在给予LH 48小时后颗粒细胞完全黄体化时，受体含量仍保持较低水平。这些结果表明，卵泡发育和颗粒细胞分化依赖于激素特异性受体的类固醇 - 蛋白质激素调节。
