Wang X N, Greenwald G S
Department of Physiology, Ralph L. Smith Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66103.
Biol Reprod. 1993 Mar;48(3):595-605. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod48.3.595.
This study was designed to determine the effects of FSH and LH on ovarian follicular development in adult hypophysectomized (HX) mice. Twelve days after HX, the animals received s.c. injections of ovine FSH (oFSH; 4 micrograms/day) or oFSH (4 micrograms/day) plus ovine LH (oLH; 2 micrograms/day) twice a day for 1 to 4 days. After 4 days of treatment with FSH alone, the number of preantral follicles (stages 1-3) increased significantly compared to that in HX controls and reached cyclic numbers; however, incorporation of [3H]thymidine into these preantral follicles as compared to HX controls did not increase. The number of healthy antral follicles (stages 4-5) and incorporation of [3H]thymidine into stage 5 follicles started to increase after only 1 day of treatment with FSH, and the number of atretic follicles concomitantly decreased. Treatment with both FSH and LH for 1 to 4 days increased the number of healthy follicles and restored DNA synthesis at all stages (1-5) to normal levels. Two days of replacement with FSH or FSH plus LH was required for follicles to attain preovulatory size (stage 6). FSH alone induced FSH and hCG receptors in granulosa cells, but without the induction of thecal LH/hCG receptors; FSH induced production of progesterone and androstenedione by stage 6 follicles, but not estradiol (E2) accumulation in the incubation medium or in the serum. Combined FSH and LH induced hCG receptors in the theca and interstitium, and also restored follicular E2 production to proestrous values. LH alone increased only the number of stage 2-3 follicles. Unexpectedly, LH alone also induced thecal hCG receptors as well as FSH receptors in granulosa cells of preantral and antral follicles. The present results demonstrate that FSH is essential for follicular growth at all stages and for prevention of atretic antral follicles. Both FSH and LH are necessary for regulation of follicular development and differentiation from the earliest preantral to preovulatory stages.
本研究旨在确定促卵泡激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）对成年垂体切除（HX）小鼠卵巢卵泡发育的影响。HX术后12天，动物每天皮下注射羊FSH（oFSH；4微克/天）或oFSH（4微克/天）加羊LH（oLH；2微克/天），每天两次，持续1至4天。单独用FSH治疗4天后，与HX对照组相比，窦前卵泡（1-3期）数量显著增加并达到周期性数量；然而，与HX对照组相比，这些窦前卵泡中[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷的掺入并未增加。仅用FSH治疗1天后，健康窦状卵泡（4-5期）数量和[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入5期卵泡的量开始增加，同时闭锁卵泡数量减少。FSH和LH联合治疗1至4天增加了健康卵泡数量，并使所有阶段（1-5期）的DNA合成恢复到正常水平。卵泡达到排卵前大小（6期）需要用FSH或FSH加LH替代治疗两天。单独FSH可诱导颗粒细胞中FSH和人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）受体，但不诱导卵泡膜LH/hCG受体；FSH诱导6期卵泡产生孕酮和雄烯二酮，但不诱导孵育培养基或血清中雌二醇（E2）的积累。FSH和LH联合诱导卵泡膜和间质中的hCG受体，并使卵泡E2产生恢复到动情前期水平。单独LH仅增加2-3期卵泡数量。出乎意料的是，单独LH还可诱导窦前卵泡和窦状卵泡颗粒细胞中的卵泡膜hCG受体以及FSH受体。目前的结果表明，FSH对所有阶段的卵泡生长以及预防窦状闭锁卵泡至关重要。FSH和LH对于从最早的窦前阶段到排卵前阶段的卵泡发育和分化调节都是必需的。
