Ultrasonic and endocrinologic aspects in gonadotropin releasing hormone induction of ovulation.

Ovarian growth, follicular size, 17 beta-estradiol (E2), androstenedione (A) and testosterone (T) peripheral levels were evaluated in 12 hypogonadotropic patients during the follicular phase on 12 cycles of pulsatile GnRH iv administration. During GnRH therapy, significant correlations between E2 plasma levels and volume of the dominant follicle (p less than 0.001) as well as total follicular volume (p less than 0.001) and total ovarian volume (p less than 0.01) were found. Plasma A was significantly related to the ultrasonic changes of ovarian stroma and those follicles which usually fail to ovulate. Plasma T showed a significant correlation with ovarian stroma (p less than 0.05). Significant correlations of E2/A and E2/T peripheral ratios with volume of the dominant follicle (p less than 0.01) were also found. In spontaneous ovulatory cycles, similar correlations between endocrine and morphological parameters have been already published. The findings of the present investigation indicate that in spontaneous and GnRH-induced cycles the endocrine events associated to the follicular development are quite similar. In hypogonadotropic patients, a "normal" follicular maturation may be obtained by means of this therapy.