Marcelino Jose, Giordano Rosanna, Gouli Svetlana, Gouli Vladimir, Parker Bruce L, Skinner Margaret, TeBeest David, Cesnik Roberto
Department of Plant and Soil Science, Entomology Research Laboratory, University of Vermont, 661 Spear Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
Mycologia. 2008 May-Jun;100(3):353-74. doi: 10.3852/07-174r.
An epizootic has been reported in Fiorinia externa populations in New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and NewJersey. Infected insects have profuse sclerotial masses enclosing their bodies. The most commonly isolated microorganism from infected F. externa was Colletotrichum sp. A morphological and molecular characterization of this fungus indicated that it is closely related to phytopathogenic C. acutatum isolates. Isolates of Colletotrichum sp. from F. externa in areas of the epizootic were similar genetically and were named Colletotrichum acutatum var. fioriniae var. nov, based on our findings. In vitro and in planta mating observed between isolates of C. acutatum var. fioriniae could serve as a possible source of genetic variation and might give rise to new biotypes with a propensity to infect insects. Only one other strain, C. gloeosporioides f. sp. ortheziidae, has been reported to show entomopathogenic activity.
纽约、康涅狄格州、宾夕法尼亚州和新泽西州的桑白盾蚧种群中已报告发生了一次动物流行病。受感染的昆虫体表有大量菌核团块。从受感染的桑白盾蚧中最常分离出的微生物是炭疽菌属。对这种真菌的形态学和分子特征分析表明，它与植物病原性尖孢炭疽菌分离株密切相关。在动物流行病发生地区，从桑白盾蚧中分离出的炭疽菌属分离株在基因上相似，根据我们的研究结果，将其命名为尖孢炭疽菌桑白盾蚧变种（Colletotrichum acutatum var. fioriniae var. nov）。在体外和植物体内观察到尖孢炭疽菌桑白盾蚧变种的分离株之间发生交配，这可能是遗传变异的一个潜在来源，可能会产生具有感染昆虫倾向的新生物型。据报道，只有另一种菌株，即橘炭疽菌贝氏变种（C. gloeosporioides f. sp. ortheziidae）表现出昆虫病原活性。
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