Kyllar Michal, Witter Kirsti
Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
J Vet Dent. 2008 Jun;25(2):106-9. doi: 10.1177/089875640802500211.
Reduced gingival thickness is one of many factors that might predispose humans to periodontal disease and subsequent gingival recession. Gingival thickness differs between individuals, and is associated with age, gender, and location on the dental arch. Different gingival phenotypes exist in the human population according to the thickness of gingiva. Similar information on gingival phenotypes in dogs is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the thickness of the gingiva in dogs and its relation to age, gender and location on the dental arch. For this study, 48 dogs of comparable size (40-cm at withers) were divided into three groups according to their age as follows: < 2-years of age; 2 to 8-years of age; > 8-years of age. Gingival thickness was measured in both the mandible and maxilla using a transgingival probing technique. The graded probe was inserted midway into the attached gingiva at the level of each tooth class region. Young and middle aged dogs had significantly thicker gingiva (1.67 +/- 0.17 mm and 1.68 +/- 0.18 mm, respectively) compared with older dogs (1.54 +/- 0.16 mm). There was no significant difference in gingival thickness based on location or gender Generally, the gingiva was thicker at the level of large teeth such as canine and carnassial teeth. Regions of thinner gingiva at the level of incisor and premolar teeth correlated with the regions of highest prevalence of periodontal disease found in previous studies.
牙龈厚度降低是使人易患牙周病及随后牙龈退缩的众多因素之一。个体之间牙龈厚度存在差异，且与年龄、性别以及牙弓上的位置有关。根据牙龈厚度，人类群体中存在不同的牙龈表型。关于犬类牙龈表型的类似信息尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查犬类牙龈的厚度及其与年龄、性别和牙弓位置的关系。在本研究中，48只体型相当（肩高40厘米）的犬根据年龄分为三组：<2岁；2至8岁；>8岁。使用经牙龈探测技术测量下颌骨和上颌骨的牙龈厚度。将分级探针插入每个牙类区域水平的附着龈中部。与老年犬（1.54±0.16毫米）相比，年轻和中年犬的牙龈明显更厚（分别为1.67±0.17毫米和1.68±0.18毫米）。基于位置或性别的牙龈厚度没有显著差异。一般来说，在犬齿和裂齿等大牙水平处牙龈较厚。在门牙和前磨牙水平处牙龈较薄的区域与先前研究中发现的牙周病患病率最高的区域相关。
