Smans K, Struelens L, Smet M, Bosmans H, Vanhavere F
SCK*CEN, Mol, Belgium.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2008;131(1):143-7. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncn237. Epub 2008 Aug 30.
Lung disease represents one of the most life-threatening conditions in prematurely born children. In the evaluation of the neonatal chest, the primary and most important diagnostic study is therefore the chest radiograph. Since prematurely born children are very sensitive to radiation, those radiographs may lead to a significant radiation detriment. Hence, knowledge of the patient dose is necessary to justify the exposures. A study to assess the patient doses was started at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the University Hospital in Leuven. Between September 2004 and September 2005, prematurely born babies underwent on average 10 X-ray examinations in the NICU. In this sample, the maximum was 78 X-ray examinations. For chest radiographs, the median entrance skin dose was 34 microGy and the median dose area product was 7.1 mGy.cm(2). By means of conversion coefficients, the measured values were converted to organ doses. Organ doses were calculated for three different weight classes: extremely low birth weight infants (<1000 g), low birth weight infants (1000-2500 g) and normal birth weight infants (>2500 g). The doses to the lungs for a single chest radiograph for infants with extremely low birth weights, low birth weights and normal birth weights were 24, 25 and 32 microGy, respectively.
肺部疾病是早产儿童面临的最危及生命的病症之一。因此，在评估新生儿胸部时，首要且最重要的诊断研究是胸部X光片。由于早产儿童对辐射非常敏感，这些X光片可能会导致显著的辐射损害。因此，了解患者剂量对于证明照射的合理性是必要的。在鲁汶大学医院的新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）开展了一项评估患者剂量的研究。在2004年9月至2005年9月期间，早产婴儿在NICU平均接受了10次X光检查。在这个样本中，最多的接受了78次X光检查。对于胸部X光片，皮肤入口剂量中位数为34微戈瑞，剂量面积乘积中位数为7.1毫戈瑞·平方厘米。通过转换系数，将测量值转换为器官剂量。针对三种不同体重类别计算了器官剂量：极低出生体重婴儿（<1000克）、低出生体重婴儿（1000 - 2500克）和正常出生体重婴儿（>2500克）。极低出生体重、低出生体重和正常出生体重婴儿单次胸部X光片的肺部剂量分别为24、25和32微戈瑞。
