Ciaramelli Elisa, Lin Olivia, Moscovitch Morris
Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada.
Exp Brain Res. 2009 Jan;192(3):511-20. doi: 10.1007/s00221-008-1548-9. Epub 2008 Sep 2.
The study explores the bottom-up attentional consequences of episodic memory retrieval. Individuals studied words (Experiment 1) or pictures (Experiment 2) presented on the left or on the right of the screen. They then viewed studied and new stimuli in the centre of the screen. One-second after the appearance of each stimulus, participants had to respond to a dot presented on the left or on the right of the screen. The dot could follow a stimulus that had been presented, during the study phase, on the same side as the dot (congruent condition), a stimulus that had been presented on the opposite side (incongruent condition), or a new stimulus (neutral condition). Subjects were faster to respond to the dot in the congruent compared to the incongruent condition, with an overall right visual field advantage in Experiment 1. The memory-driven facilitation effect correlated with subjects' re-experiencing of the encoding context (R responses; Experiment 1), but not with their explicit memory for the side of items' presentation (source memory; Experiment 2). The results indicate that memory contents are attended automatically and can bias the deployment of attention. The degree to which memory and attention interact appears related to subjective but not objective indicators of memory strength.
该研究探讨了情景记忆检索的自下而上的注意后果。个体学习屏幕左侧或右侧呈现的单词(实验1)或图片(实验2)。然后,他们在屏幕中央观看学过的和新的刺激物。每个刺激物出现一秒后,参与者必须对屏幕左侧或右侧出现的一个点做出反应。该点可能跟随在学习阶段与该点在同一侧呈现的刺激物(一致条件)、在相反侧呈现的刺激物(不一致条件)或新的刺激物(中性条件)。与不一致条件相比,受试者在一致条件下对该点的反应更快,在实验1中总体上存在右视野优势。记忆驱动的促进效应与受试者对编码情境的重新体验(R反应;实验1)相关,但与他们对项目呈现侧的外显记忆(来源记忆;实验2)无关。结果表明,记忆内容会被自动注意到,并且会影响注意力的分配。记忆和注意力相互作用的程度似乎与记忆强度的主观而非客观指标有关。