Steinbauerová Veronika, Neumann Pavel, Macas Jirí
Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre ASCR, Branisovská 31, 37005, Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Mol Genet Genomics. 2008 Nov;280(5):427-36. doi: 10.1007/s00438-008-0376-8. Epub 2008 Sep 2.
Ogre elements are a distinct group of plant Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposons characterized by several specific features, one of which is a separation of the gag-pol region into two non-overlapping open reading frames: ORF2 coding for Gag-Pro, and ORF3 coding for RT/RH-INT proteins. Previous characterization of Ogre elements from several plant species revealed that part of their transcripts lacks the region between ORF2 and ORF3, carrying one uninterrupted ORF instead. In this work, we investigated a hypothesis that this region represents an intron that is spliced out from part of the Ogre transcripts as a means for preferential production of ORF2-encoded proteins over those encoded by the complete ORF2-ORF3 region. The experiments involved analysis of transcription patterns of well-defined Ogre populations in a model plant Medicago truncatula and examination of transcripts carrying dissected pea Ogre intron expressed within a coding sequence of chimeric reporter gene. Both experimental approaches proved that the region between ORF2 and ORF3 is spliced from Ogre transcripts and showed that this process is only partial, probably due to weak splice signals. This is one of very few known cases of spliced LTR retrotransposons and the only one where splicing does not involve parts of the element's coding sequences, thus resembling intron splicing found in most cellular genes.
食人魔元件是植物中一类独特的Ty3/gypsy样逆转录转座子,具有几个特定特征,其中之一是gag-pol区域被分隔成两个不重叠的开放阅读框:ORF2编码Gag-Pro,ORF3编码RT/RH-INT蛋白。先前对几种植物物种中食人魔元件的表征表明,它们的部分转录本缺少ORF2和ORF3之间的区域,而是携带一个不间断的ORF。在这项工作中,我们研究了一个假设,即该区域代表一个内含子,它从部分食人魔转录本中剪接出来,作为优先产生ORF2编码的蛋白质而非完整ORF2-ORF3区域编码的蛋白质的一种方式。实验包括分析模式植物蒺藜苜蓿中明确的食人魔群体的转录模式,以及检查在嵌合报告基因编码序列内表达的携带切割后的豌豆食人魔内含子的转录本。两种实验方法都证明ORF2和ORF3之间的区域从食人魔转录本中被剪接出来,并表明这个过程只是部分剪接,可能是由于剪接信号较弱。这是已知的极少数剪接型LTR逆转录转座子的例子之一,也是唯一一种剪接不涉及元件编码序列部分的情况,因此类似于大多数细胞基因中发现的内含子剪接。