Banabilh Saeed M, Suzina A H, Dinsuhaimi Sidek, Samsudin A R, Singh G D
School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Sleep Breath. 2009 Mar;13(1):19-24. doi: 10.1007/s11325-008-0211-9. Epub 2008 Sep 2.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are serious, widespread public health issues.
To localize and quantify geometric morphometric differences in facial soft tissue morphology in adults with and without OSA.
Eighty adult Malays, consisting of 40 patients with OSA and 40 non-OSA controls, were studied. Both groups were evaluated by the attending physician and through ambulatory sleep studies. 3-D stereophotogrammetry was used to capture facial soft tissues of both groups. The 3-D mean OSA and control facial configurations were computed and subjected to principal components analysis (PCA) and finite-element morphometry (FEM).
The body mass index was significantly greater for the OSA group (32.3 kg/m(2) compared to 24.8 kg/m(2), p < 0.001). The neck circumference was greater for the OSA group (42.7 cm compared to 37.1 cm, p < 0.001). Using PCA, significant differences were found in facial shape between the two groups using the first two principal components, which accounted for 50% of the total shape change (p < 0.05). Using FEM, these differences were localized in the bucco-submandibular regions of the face predominantly, indicating an increase in volume of 7-22% (p < 0.05) for the OSA group.
Craniofacial obesity in the bucco-submandibular regions is associated with OSA and may provide valuable screening information for the identification of patients with undiagnosed OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）和肥胖是严重且普遍存在的公共卫生问题。
定位并量化患有和未患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的成年人面部软组织形态的几何形态差异。
对80名成年马来人进行了研究，其中包括40名阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者和40名非阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对照组。两组均由主治医生进行评估并通过动态睡眠研究进行评估。使用三维立体摄影测量法采集两组的面部软组织。计算出三维平均阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组和对照组的面部形态，并进行主成分分析（PCA）和有限元形态测量（FEM）。
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组的体重指数显著更高（分别为32.3kg/m²和24.8kg/m²，p<0.001）。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组的颈围更大（分别为42.7cm和37.1cm，p<0.001）。使用主成分分析，在前两个主成分中发现两组面部形状存在显著差异，这两个主成分占总形状变化的50%（p<0.05）。使用有限元形态测量法，这些差异主要定位在面部的颊下颌下区域，表明阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组的体积增加了7%-22%（p<0.05）。
颊下颌下区域的颅面肥胖与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停有关，可能为识别未确诊的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者提供有价值的筛查信息。
