Caliani Ilaria, Porcelloni Serena, Mori Gabriele, Frenzilli Giada, Ferraro Maria, Marsili Letizia, Casini Silvia, Fossi Maria Cristina
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
Ecotoxicology. 2009 Jan;18(1):75-80. doi: 10.1007/s10646-008-0259-0. Epub 2008 Sep 1.
The aim of this study was to assess the potential genotoxic effects of produced water (PW) from an Italian on-shore oil plant. Produced water is a complex mixture containing residual hydrocarbons, trace elements, naturally occurring radioactive material and potentially toxic treatment chemicals such as biocides, dispersants, detergents and scale inhibitors used in oil production. The test organism, mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis), was divided into male and female groups and exposed for 8 days in the laboratory to 50% concentrations of different produced waters: PW before treatment and after settling treatment. The fish were also exposed to lower concentrations (10%) of the same PW for 30 days. DNA damage was evaluated in erythrocytes by single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) and micronucleus test, while an oxidative stress biomarker, was assessed. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) metabolites in bile were also evaluated. A higher sensitivity in biomarker responses was found in females in comparison to males. An increase in DNA strand breaks was observed in both genders after 30 days exposure and a statistically significant increase of micronucleated cells was found in females after 8 days exposure. A positive correlation between presence of micronucleated cells and PAH metabolites in bile was also observed.
本研究的目的是评估意大利一家陆上石油工厂产出水（PW）的潜在遗传毒性效应。产出水是一种复杂的混合物，含有残余烃类、微量元素、天然存在的放射性物质以及石油生产中使用的潜在有毒处理化学品，如杀生物剂、分散剂、洗涤剂和阻垢剂。受试生物食蚊鱼（食蚊鱼）被分为雄性和雌性组，并在实验室中暴露于不同产出水50%浓度的环境下8天：处理前和沉降处理后的产出水。这些鱼还暴露于相同产出水10%的较低浓度环境下30天。通过单细胞凝胶电泳（彗星试验）和微核试验评估红细胞中的DNA损伤，同时评估一种氧化应激生物标志物。还评估了胆汁中的多环芳烃（PAH）代谢物。与雄性相比，在生物标志物反应中发现雌性具有更高的敏感性。暴露30天后，两性均观察到DNA链断裂增加，暴露8天后，雌性微核细胞出现统计学上的显著增加。还观察到微核细胞的存在与胆汁中PAH代谢物之间存在正相关。
