Schmalwieser Alois W, Erbertseder Thilo, Schauberger Günther, Weihs Philipp
Institute of Medical Physics and Biostatistics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Photochem Photobiol. 2009 Jan-Feb;85(1):261-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00431.x. Epub 2008 Aug 27.
The provision of information to the public about current levels of the erythemally effective UV radiation is an important issue in health care. The quality of promoted values is therefore of special importance. The atmospheric parameter which affects the erythemally effective UV radiation under clear sky most is the total ozone content of the atmosphere. In this paper we examined the sensitivity of the erythemally effective irradiance and daily radiant exposure to the temporal variability of total ozone on time scales from 1 to 15 days. The results show that the sensitivity is highest for the first 24 h. Larger time scales do not exhibit a similar influence. Total ozone measurements of the previous day may already cause uncertainties higher than 0.5 UV index (UVI) independent of the geolocation. For comparison, a temporal persistence of 15 days may cause uncertainties of 1.2 UVI at 50 degrees N, 1 UVI at 30 degrees S and less than 1 UVI at the equator. The results of this study allow finding the necessary temporal resolution of total ozone values when a certain accuracy for the UVI or for the purpose of sun protection is required. The results are compared with those of two preceding studies where we quantified the influence of measurement uncertainties and spatial total ozone variability to the erythemally effective irradiance at noon and to the daily dose. We conclude that temporal variability of total ozone is the most critical issue, but also measurement uncertainties do have a noticeable influence on the erythemally effective radiation.
向公众提供当前红斑有效紫外线辐射水平的信息是医疗保健中的一个重要问题。因此，所推广数值的质量尤为重要。在晴空条件下，对红斑有效紫外线辐射影响最大的大气参数是大气中的总臭氧含量。在本文中，我们研究了在1至15天的时间尺度上，红斑有效辐照度和日辐射暴露对总臭氧时间变化的敏感性。结果表明，在最初的24小时内敏感性最高。更大的时间尺度并未表现出类似的影响。前一天的总臭氧测量值可能已经导致高于0.5紫外线指数（UVI）的不确定性，且与地理位置无关。相比之下，15天的时间持续性在北纬50度可能导致1.2 UVI的不确定性，在南纬30度为1 UVI，在赤道则小于1 UVI。本研究的结果有助于在需要特定UVI精度或出于防晒目的时，确定总臭氧值所需的时间分辨率。将这些结果与之前的两项研究结果进行了比较，在那两项研究中，我们量化了测量不确定性和空间总臭氧变异性对中午红斑有效辐照度和日剂量的影响。我们得出结论，总臭氧的时间变异性是最关键的问题，但测量不确定性对红斑有效辐射也有显著影响。
