Moreira-Almeida Alexander, Koenig Harold G
Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Rua da Laguna 485/104, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36015-230, Brazil.
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2008 Oct;12(5):327-32. doi: 10.1007/s11916-008-0055-9.
The influence of psychosocial factors on pain experience and patient response has received increasing interest and recognition. Patients with chronic pain from several sources (eg, musculoskeletal, cancer, or sickle cell) usually report that religiousness and spirituality are important in their lives. Prayer is the most used complementary therapy; religious coping is among the most common strategies used to deal with pain. Religious variables are not usually associated with pain measures, except in some studies indicating that petitionary prayer is related to higher pain levels, possibly suggesting a turning to religion due to increasing pain. The best available evidence supports a positive association between religiousness and spirituality, with higher well-being and positive affect, and a negative association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. We discuss the importance of addressing spiritual issues in clinical practice, and increasing and improving research on religiousness/spirituality in chronic pain patients.
社会心理因素对疼痛体验和患者反应的影响已受到越来越多的关注和认可。来自多种病因（如肌肉骨骼疾病、癌症或镰状细胞病）的慢性疼痛患者通常表示，宗教信仰和精神寄托在他们的生活中很重要。祈祷是最常用的辅助疗法；宗教应对是应对疼痛最常用的策略之一。宗教变量通常与疼痛指标无关，不过一些研究表明祈求式祈祷与较高的疼痛水平有关，这可能意味着因疼痛加剧而转向宗教。现有最佳证据支持宗教信仰和精神寄托与更高的幸福感和积极情绪呈正相关，与抑郁和焦虑症状呈负相关。我们讨论了在临床实践中解决精神问题的重要性，以及增加和改进对慢性疼痛患者宗教信仰/精神寄托的研究。
